抚育间伐对川西柳杉人工林土壤养分和根际微生物群落的影响  

Effects of thinning on soil nutrients and rhizosphere microbial communities of a Cryptomeria fortunei plantation in western Sichuan,China

作　　者：龚映匀 王瑞辉[1] 张斌[1] 刘凯利 刘俊涛 赵苏亚 刘立玲 胡佳怡 GONG Yingyun;WANG Ruihui;ZHANG Bin;LIU Kaili;LIU Juntao;ZHAO Suya;LIU Liling;HU Jiayi(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100091,China;Northwest A&F University,Xianyang 712199,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙410004 [2]北京林业大学林学院,北京100091 [3]西北农林科技大学,咸阳712199

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2024年第1期9-17,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家林业局森林抚育成效监测国家级样地及监测体系建设项目(2018-28-11);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20200706);中南林业科技大学研究生科技创新基金项目(CX20201005)资助。

摘　　要：以川西中山地区9年生柳杉人工林为研究对象,设置CK(0%)、T36(36.9%)、T49(49.0%)共3种处理,探讨不同间伐强度对柳杉人工林土壤养分、酶活性及根际微生物群落与功能作用的影响,为柳杉人工林提质增效提供可持续经营的科学指导.结果显示:(1)间伐能提高0-20 cm土壤表层有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、水解氮(HN)含量,而T49(49.0%)处理下有效磷(AP)损失最大.(2)间伐后土壤蔗糖酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),T36(36.9%)处理能显著促进0-20 cm表层土壤纤维素酶活性的提高.(3)间伐改变了根际土壤优势菌群相对丰度,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)相对丰度显著高于CK(0%)处理(P<0.05),细菌丰富度没有明显影响,但真菌丰富度Ace指数、Chao指数显著降低(P<0.05).(4)对根际微生物进行功能预测,T36(36.9%)、T49(49.0%)的膜运输细菌相对丰度显著高于CK(0%)处理(P<0.05),而CK(0%)的能量代谢细菌相对丰度显著低于T36(36.9%)处理(P<0.05).(5)T36(36.9%)中地衣共生菌-未定义腐生菌最高(P<0.05),且该处理中的植物病原菌-木质腐生菌、植物病原菌、动物病原菌均显著低于CK(0%)处理(P<0.05).本研究表明合理间伐能够提高林地质量,促进土壤养分循环,增加有益微生物相对丰度,降低病害感染风险;对于川西中山地区柳杉人工林建议选择保留密度为1725±116株/hm2的中度间伐,能够在提高林地质量的同时,更好维持健康的林分环境.(图8表2参63)In this study,we explored the effects of different thinning intensities on soil nutrients,enzyme activities,and community structure and functions of rhizosphere microorganisms to provide scientific guidance for the sustainable management of improved quality and efficiency of Cryptomeria fortunei plantations.Three thining treatments,CK(0%),T36(36.9%),and T49(49.0%),were used to investigate the effects of different thinning intensities on soil nutrients,enzyme activities,and rhizospheric microbial diversity of a 9-year-old C.fortunei plantation in the middle mountain area of western Sichuan.Five main results were obtained.First,thinning increased the content of soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,and hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil collected from t he 0–20 c m surface s oil layer.T he l oss of available p hosphorus was t he g reatest for t he T49(49.0%)treatment.Second,soil sucrase activity significantly increased after thinning(P<0.05).The T36(36.9%)treatment significantly increased cellulase activity by 36.9%in the 0–20 cm surface soil layer(P<0.05).Third,thinning changed the relative abundance of the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere soil.The relative abundance of Ascomycota in the rhizosphere soil was significantly higher than that in the CK(0%)treatment(P<0.05).Bacterial richness was not significantly affected.However,the Ace and Chao indices of fungal richness significantly decreased(P<0.05).Fourth,the relative abundance of bacteria in membrane transport under the T36(36.9%)and T49(49.0%)treatments was significantly higher than that under the CK(0%)treatment(P<0.05).In contrast,the relative abundance of bacteria in energy metabolism under the CK(0%)treatment was significantly lower than that under the T36(36.9%)treatment(P<0.05).Fifth,lichenized-undefined saprotrophs were the highest in the T36(36.9%)treatment(P<0.05).Plant saprotroph-wood saprotrophs,plant pathogens,and animal pathogens in this treatment were significantly lower than those in the CK(0%)treatment(P<0.05).The collective findings indicate tha

关 键 词：抚育间伐 柳杉 根际微生物 土壤养分 酶活性 功能预测 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]