川西亚高山森林优势针阔树种根系分泌物的化学组分与含量差异  

Differences in the chemical composition and content of root exudates of dominant coniferous and broadleaf tree species in subalpine forests of western Sichuan,China

作　　者：夏瑞雪 刘佳[1] 赵文强 方楷 刘露 刘庆[1] XIA Ruixue;LIU Jia;ZHAO Wenqiang;FANG Kai;LIU Lu;&LIU Qing(Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610213,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610213 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2024年第1期26-34,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31971637、41930645、32201529);四川省科技项目(2022NSFSC1744、2022NSFSC1777)资助。

摘　　要：根系分泌物作为植物-土壤-微生物交流与调控的信使,在根际生态过程中所起的介导作用受到大量关注,然而关于森林生态系统中优势树种根系分泌物化学组分与含量的基础认知仍十分匮乏.基于此,分别以川西亚高山森林2种针叶优势树种(云杉Picea asperata、冷杉Abies faxoniana)和2种阔叶优势树种(红桦Betula albo-sinensis、白桦Betula platyphylla)为研究对象,通过野外原位收集装置分别获取了该植物的根系分泌物收集液,运用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用技术(GC-TOF-MS),结合方差分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)等方法开展研究.结果表明:(1)4种针、阔树种根系分泌物中检测鉴定出共计97种化学物质(醇类6种、有机酸26种、氨基酸17种、糖酸类5种、糖醇类6种、糖类7种、酯类3种以及其他有机物24种),针、阔叶树根系分泌物中醇类化合物的相对含量均最高,氨基酸和有机酸类化合物的种类较为丰富;(2)在化学物质类别水平上,针叶树和阔叶树根系分泌物化学组分的相对含量之间存在显著差异,针叶树根系分泌物中醇类的相对含量是阔叶树的1.7倍,而氨基酸、有机酸、糖类、糖酸类、糖醇类和其他类物质的相对含量分别为阔叶树的1/3、1/6、1/18、1/56、1/16、1/4;(3)针、阔叶树根系分泌物之间有29种关键差异代谢物,不同树种之间根系分泌物中关键差异代谢物的含量也存在明显区别,其中氨基酸相关的代谢途径差异最为显著.上述结果表明川西亚高山森林优势针叶树和阔叶树根系分泌物的化学组分与相对含量均存在显著差异,并揭示了针、阔树种根系分泌物之间关键的差异代谢物.(图3表2参53)Root exudates act as messengers in plant-soil-microbial communication and regulation.The mediating role of root exudates in rhizospheric ecological processes has considerable attention.However,basic knowledge of the chemical composition and content of the root exudates of the dominant tree species in forest ecosystems remains scarce.In this study,two coniferous dominant(Picea asperata and Abies faxoniana)and two broadleaf dominant(Betula albo-sinensis and Betula platyphylla)tree species were selected as research objects in the subalpine forests of western Sichuan.The root exudates of the tree species were obtained using an in situ collection device.The results of GC-TOF-MS,variance analysis,and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that:(1)a total of 97 types of chemical substances were identified in the root exudates of four coniferous and broadleaf tree species,including six alcohols,26 organic acids,17 amino acids,five sugar acids,6 sugar alcohols,seven sugars,three esters,and 24 other organic compounds.The relative content of alcohol compounds was the highest in the root exudates of the coniferous and broadleaf trees and the categories of amino and organic acids were relatively rich;(2)significant differences were noted between the relative contents of the chemical components in the root exudates of coniferous and broadleaf trees at the chemical category level;the relative alcohol content in root exudates of coniferous trees was 1.7 times that of broadleaf trees.Meanwhile,the relative contents of amino acids,organic acids,sugars,sugar acids,sugar alcohols,and other organic compounds were 1/3,1/6,1/18,1/56,1/16,and 1/4 of those of broadleaf trees,respectively;(3)a total of 29 key differential metabolites were found between the root exudates of coniferous and broadleaf trees and the relative contents of key differential metabolites varied significantly,among which;amino acid-related metabolic pathways showed the most significant differences.Overall,the results showed significant differen

关 键 词：根系分泌物 针阔树种 化学组分 差异代谢物 气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]