四川盆地深层页岩气钻井关键技术新进展及发展展望  

New progress and development prospect of key technologies for drilling of deep shale gas wells in the Sichuan Basin

作　　者：佘朝毅[1] SHE Chaoyi(Petrochina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2024年第3期1-9,I0001,共10页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技项目“页岩气规模增储上产与勘探开发技术研究”(编号:2023ZZ21)。

摘　　要：四川盆地页岩气资源丰富,目前深层页岩气已成为该盆地天然气增储上产的重点领域,但随着埋深增加和构造背景变化,地质工程条件将更加复杂,钻井过程中将面临井漏风险高、井下工具高温易失效、水平井轨迹控制难度大等技术难题。为此,在系统分析已完钻井实钻数据的基础上,依据深层页岩气区块地质工程特征,系统梳理了影响安全优快钻井的关键技术难点,形成了以地质工程一体化导向技术、钻井提速技术、防漏治漏与复杂防治技术为主体的深层页岩气安全优快钻井关键技术系列。研究结果表明:(1)以精细地质建模优选地质工程“双甜点”、实时靶体追踪为主的地质工程一体化导向技术,实现了地质目标的精准优选和精确追踪;(2)以“高效PDC钻头选型+个性化优化+大扭矩螺杆”高效破岩技术、“MSE+CCS”参数实时优化技术、油基钻井液地面降温+高温旋转导向技术为主的钻井提速技术,实现了页岩气钻井提速提效;(3)以井壁稳定性评价、裂缝性漏层识别、井漏与复杂防治为主的复杂防治技术,从源头降低了井下漏失和卡钻风险。结论认为:(1)形成的深层页岩气安全优快钻井技术,显著提高了机械钻速和铂金靶体钻遇率,在现场规模化推广应用200余口井,单井平均钻井周期降低42.7%,钻井提速效果显著,有力支撑了深层页岩气效益规模开发;(2)深层页岩气钻井将聚焦“地质工程一体化、水平段一趟钻、防漏治漏及智能钻井决策”等方面的技术攻关。The Sichuan Basin is rich in shale gas resources,and at present,deep shale gas has become an important field for the increase of natural gas reserves and production in this basin.With the increasing of burial depth and the changing of structural setting,however,the geological and engineering conditions will get more complicated to bring several technical difficulties in the drilling process,such as high risk of lost circulation,failure of downhole tools at high temperature,and difficult control of horizontal well trajectory.After systematically analyzing the actual drilling data of drilled wells,this paper systematically summarizes the key technical difficulties impeding the safe,optimized and fast drilling on the basis of the geological and engineering characteristics in deep shale gas blocks.Based on this,a series of key technologies for the safe,optimized and fast drilling of deep shale gas well are formed,which mainly include geology-engineering integration guided technology,ROP improvement technology,and leakage and complex accident prevention and control technology.And the following research results are obtained.First,the geology-engineering integration guided technologies dominated by the fine geological modeling for selection of geological and engineering "dual sweet spot" and the real-time target tracking realize the accurate selection and tracking of geological targets.Second,the ROP improvement technologies dominated by the efficient rock breaking technology of "type selection of efficient PDC bit + personalized optimization + large-torque screw",the real-time optimization technology of "MSE + CCS" parameters,and the cooling of oil based drilling fluid on the ground + high-temperature rotary steering technology realize the ROP improvement in shale gas drilling.Third,the complex accident prevention and control technologies dominated by the wellbore stability evaluation,the fractured thief zone identification,and the leakage and complex accident prevention and control reduce the risks of downhole leakage

关 键 词：深层页岩气 下志留统龙马溪组 地质工程一体化 钻井提速 高温旋转导向 钻井周期 

分 类 号：TE242[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]