平衡赖氨酸和蛋氨酸的低蛋白日粮对育雏期皖西白鹅血液生化和胸腺结构的影响  

Effects of low protein diet with balanced lysine and methionine on blood biochemistry and thymus structure of Wanxi white geese at brooding stage

作　　者：张鑫 张康 史文龙 程露 胡倩倩[1,2] 李小金 靳蒙蒙 任曼 李升和[1,2] ZHANG Xin;ZHANG Kang;SHI Wenlong;CHENG Lu;HU Qianqian;LI Xiaojin;JIN Mengmeng;REN Man;LI Shenghe(College of Animal Science,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China;Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health,Fengyang 233100,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院动物科学学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]动物营养调控与健康安徽省重点实验室,安徽凤阳233100

出　　处：《安徽科技学院学报》2024年第2期1-12,共12页Journal of Anhui Science and Technology University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31672502,31502137,31501968);安徽省科技重大专项计划项目(201903a06020002);安徽省高校学科(专业)拔尖人才学术资助项目(gxbjZD2020080);安徽省高校优秀科研创新团队(2022AH010088);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(2022AH030146);安徽省地方鹅种基因库;安徽省滁州市科技计划项目(2022ZN002)。

摘　　要：目的:探究平衡赖氨酸和蛋氨酸的低蛋白日粮对育雏期皖西白鹅血液免疫指标和胸腺结构的影响。方法:选用180只1日龄皖西白鹅作为研究对象,随机分为6组,每组30只;试验采用3×2因子设计(不同蛋白水平:20%、18%、16%,分别平衡赖氨酸、蛋氨酸),于14和28日龄分别采集血液和胸腺,研究不同氨基酸平衡模式及蛋白水平对育雏期皖西白鹅血液免疫指标以及胸腺结构的影响。结果:14日龄时,D组MCV、MCH显著高于E、F组(P<0.05);F组血清TP、ALB、AST含量显著高于D、E组(P<0.05),D组UA极显著高于F组(P<0.01);A组TG含量显著高于B、C组(P<0.05);28日龄时低蛋白组ALP显著高于高蛋白组。14与28日龄各组胸腺器官指数无显著差异(P>0.05);结构变化不明显(P>0.05)。结论:低蛋白日粮平衡氨基酸可以提高育雏期皖西白鹅的蛋白质利用率,降低尿酸沉积,且对胸腺发育没有负面影响。Objective:To explore the effects of low protein diet with balanced lysine and methionine on blood biochemistry and thymus structure of Wanxi white geese at brooding stage.Methods:180 one-day-old Wanxi white geese were randomly divided into 6 groups with 30 geese in each group.The experiment used a 3×2 factorial design(different protein levels:20%,18%,16%,balancing lysine and methionine,respectively).Blood and thymus were collected at 14 days of age and 28 days of age respectively to study the effects of different amino acid balance patterns and protein levels on blood indexes and thymus structure of Wanxi white geese at brooding stage.Results:MCV and MCH in 14-day-old Group D were significantly higher than those in Groups E and F(P<0.05).The contents of serum TP,ALB and AST in Group F were significantly higher than those in Groups D and E(P<0.05),and the UA in Group D was significantly higher than that in Group F(P<0.01).The TG content of Group A was significantly higher than that of Groups B and C(P<0.05).ALP in the low protein group was significantly higher than that in the high protein group at 28 days of age.There was no significant difference in thymus index between 14 and 28 days of age(P>0.05).The structural changes were not significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:A low protein diet with balanced amino acid can improve protein availability and decrease uric acid deposition of Wanxi white geese in brooding stage,and has no negative effect on thymus development.

关 键 词：蛋氨酸 赖氨酸 低蛋白日粮 血液指标 胸腺 皖西白鹅 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]