piRNA作为男性不育生物标志物的研究进展  

Research progress of piRNA as a biomarker for male infertility

作　　者：陈虹颖 王瑞雪[1] Chen Hongying;Wang Ruixue(Center of Reproductive Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis,the First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第一医院生殖医学中心·产前诊断中心,长春130021

出　　处：《中华医学遗传学杂志》2024年第4期500-505,共6页Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金(20210101449JC)。

摘　　要：PIWI互作RNA(piRNA)是一类与PIWI蛋白特异性结合的小分子非编码RNA,主要在生殖细胞中表达,并参与调控精子发生的过程。piRNA路径在精子发生调控中的作用主要包括抑制转座子、诱导mRNA翻译或降解、介导晚期精子细胞中的Miwi泛素化降解等。随着在精浆中检测到piRNA,研究者开始关注是否可将piRNA作为一项非侵入性的分子生物学检测标志物,用以评估睾丸中精子发生的情况。对10年来对piRNA的相关研究进行综述,阐述有关piRNA路径介导精子发生的生物学机制,以及piRNA失调在男性不育症诊治中的潜在价值。piRNA is a class of small non-coding RNA which specifically binds with PIWI protein.It is mainly expressed in germ cells and involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis.The role of piRNA pathway in the regulation of spermatogenesis mainly includes inhibition of transposons,induction of mRNA translation or degradation,and mediation of degradation of Miwi ubiquitination in late-stage sperm cells.With the detection of piRNA in seminal plasma,more attention has been attracted to whether piRNA can be used as a non-invasive molecular biomarker for the evaluation of spermatogenesis.This paper has reviewed recent studies on the mechanism of piRNA pathways mediating spermatogenesis and potential roles of piRNA disorders in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.

关 键 词：非编码小RNA PIWI/piRNA复合体 男性不育症 精浆 外泌体 精子发生 

分 类 号：R698.2[医药卫生—泌尿科学]