从冯桂芬测绘方法看中国近代地图绘制的转型问题  

The Transformation of Modern Chinese Map-making: Feng Guifen's Surveying and Mapping Methods

作　　者：任桂磊 Ren Guilei(School of History,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《历史地理研究》2024年第1期123-136,159,共15页The Chinese Historical Geography

摘　　要：晚清思想家冯桂芬在其代表作《校邠庐抗议》中设计了一套地图测绘方法。该法以计里画方为基础,融角度、距离、高差测绘为一体,在川沙厅丈田绘图工作中进行了有效实践,也部分施用于同治《江苏全省舆图》的实测工作中。冯桂芬的地图测绘方法继承了中国传统的测绘技术,又适应现实需要进行了改良与创新,不仅折射出当时社会对准确地图的追求与渴望,亦透视出时人对先进测绘技术的探索与关注。它为研究中国近代地图绘制的转型问题提供了一个切入视角,而隐藏其中的是中西知识碰撞交融的复杂进程。Feng Guifen,a thinker in the late Qing Dynasty,once designed a set of surveying and mapping methods in his masterpiece Protest from the Jiaobin Studio.It is based on the square grid style and centered on field surveying,and contains angle,distance and topographic surveying and mapping.It was effectively practiced in the field surveying work of Chuansha Ting and was also partially applied to the later surveying work of the Map of Jiangsu Province during the Tongzhi Reign.Feng Guifen's not only inherited and integrated traditional Chinese map-making techniques,but also made improvement and innovation in order to meet practical needs.It reflects the pursuit and desire of the society for accurate maps,as well as the attempts and attention cast by the contemporaries onto advancing surveying and mapping technology.Underlying is a complex process of collision and fusion of Chinese and Western modes of knowledge,which offers a perspective for the study of the modernization and transformation of modern Chinese cartographic history.

关 键 词：冯桂芬 《绘地图议》 中国测绘史 计里画方 近代转型 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]