社会抗争理论视角下仇恨犯罪的类型化省思  

Reflection on the Typology of Hate Crimes from the Perspective of Social Protest Theory

作　　者：施鑫 Shi Xin(Southwest University of Political Science&Law,Chongqing 401120)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学,重庆401120

出　　处：《警学研究》2024年第1期61-70,共10页Police Science Research

基　　金：2020年度教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“中小学生欺凌治理的恢复性体制构建研究”(20YJC820039)、2019年度重庆市社会科学规划项目“重庆市中小学校园欺凌治理机制研究”(2019YBFX028)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：我国正处于中国式现代化建设的关键期,防范化解重大风险和维护社会稳定是社会建设的主要任务。但现阶段报复社会等仇恨犯罪现象增加了社会风险的防控难度。而我国仇恨犯罪理论研究疏于从多学科视角和社会治理层面剖析犯罪的生成机制,无法适应仇恨犯罪社会治理的新形势。依托社会抗争理论对仇恨犯罪现象的本体研究,能揭示社会抗争行动与仇恨犯罪生成的内在逻辑,可进一步将仇恨犯罪类型化为基于偏见歧视和个人恩怨形成的“非社会抗争型仇恨犯罪”与基于生活挫折和暴力维权衍生的“社会抗争型仇恨犯罪”。这种犯罪类型化研究,勾勒了仇恨犯罪的深层社会原因,拓展仇恨犯罪的基本理论,可以为仇恨犯罪的精细治理提供新路径,使打击犯罪与化解社会风险相互统筹,对推进新时代社会建设与社会治理现代化具有重要意义。Chinese-style modernization is in a critical period.Preventing and resolving major risks and maintaining social stability are the main tasks of social construction.However,the phenomenon of hate crimes such as revenge on society has increased the difficulty of preventing and controlling social risks.The theoretical research of hate crime in China neglects to analyze the formation mechanism of crime from the perspective of multidisciplinary and social governance,which cannot adapt to the new situation of social governance of hate crime.Based on the theory of social protest,the ontological study of hate crimes can reveal the internal logic of social protest and hate crimes,and can further classify hate crimes into“non-social protest hate crimes”based on prejudice,discrimination and personal resentment and“social protest hate crimes”based on life frustration and violent rights protection.The study of crime typology outlines the deep social causes of hate crimes,expands the basic theory,and provides new path for governance,so that the fight against crime and the resolution of social risks can be coordinated,which is of great significance to promote the modernization of social construction and social governance in the new era.

关 键 词：社会抗争 仇恨犯罪 犯罪类型学 社会建设 

分 类 号：D917[政治法律—法学]