论构式“无A不B”的逻辑意义  

The Logical Meaning of“No A,No B”

作　　者：刘板[1] LIU Ban(College of Literature,Huangshan University,Huangshan Anhui 245041,China)

机构地区：[1]黄山学院文学院,安徽黄山245041

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期124-129,共6页Journal of Qiqihar University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目:“百年变局”下东南亚外来语言竞争与汉语进一步传播研究(23BYY175);教育部社科基金项目:基于《现代汉语词典》各版本的词语规范研究(21XJC740001);安徽省教育厅人文社会科学项目:朱熹诗歌意象及其理学思想的表达(SKHS2021B19);黄山学院徽文化项目:朱熹诗歌意象与其理学思想初探(2021xhwh015);陕西省社科基金项目:《现代汉语词典》学术思想整理研究(2021K020)。

摘　　要：“无A不B”构式可表达全称肯定命题SAP,也可表达必要条件蕴含命题■A→■B,其不同逻辑意义是构式常项和变项互相作用的结果。常项“无”“不”以双重否定表达全量肯定,A项保持体词性或被强制体词化,B项保持谓词性或被强制谓词化,其逻辑意义为SAP。A项、B项同时保持谓词性或被强制谓词化,常项“无”“不”和A项、B项或谓词化A项、B项分别结合为■A、■B两个小句,构式强制赋予两个小句以蕴含关系,其逻辑意义为■A→■B。识解区分其两种逻辑意义可根据构式的语块、A项的语义、A项和B项的语义关系、A项和B项的词性组合、语境和百科知识等五个方面进行。The“No A,No B”construction can express the full affirmation proposition SAP,can also express the necessary conditions contain proposition■A→■B.Its different logical meaning is the result of the interaction between the constants and variants.The constant items“no”and“no”express full affirmation with double negation,item A maintains the physical character or is forced to nominal,and item B maintains the predicate or is forced to predicate,whose logical meaning is SAP.Item A and B remain predicate or are forced to predicate,while the item“no”,“no”and item A,B or predicate item A and B are combined into two small sentences■A and■B respectively.The construction forces the two clauses to contain an implicative relationship,and their logical meaning is■A→■B.The construal between the two logical meanings can be based on the blocks of the construcion,the semantics of A,the semantic relationship of A and B,the part of speech of item A and item B,the context and encyclopedic knowledge.

关 键 词：无A不B 全称肯定命题 必要条件蕴含命题 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]