复方中草药对黑棘鲷生长、非特异性免疫及肠道消化酶的影响  

Effects of compound Chinese herbs on growth performance,nonspecific immunity,and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of Acanthopagrus schlegelii

作　　者：胡晓伟 刘龙晖 陈强[1,2] 李文静 黎中宝[1,2] HU Xiaowei;LIU Longhui;CHENG Qiang;LI Wenjing;LIi Zhongbao(Jimei University Fisheries College,Xiamen 361021,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]福建省海洋渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《海洋科学》2024年第1期56-67,共12页Marine Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目农业引导性(重点)项目(2020N0013)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究复方中草药对黑棘鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)生长性能、非特异性免疫及肠道消化酶的影响。将党参(Codonopsis pilosula)、黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus)、板蓝根(Isatis tinctoria)、金银花(Lonicera japonica)、麦冬(Ophiopogon japonicus)、炽壳(Fructus aurantii)、大黄(Rheum palmatum)、神曲(Massa medicata fermentata)、杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides)、天门冬(Asparagus cochinchinensis)、艾叶(Artemisia argyi)、仙鹤草(Agrimonia pilosa)粉碎混匀,配伍制成复方中草药。试验采用单因素设计,将复方中草药梯度(0%、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%、1.6%、2.0%)添加到黑棘鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)基础饲料中,饲喂黑棘鲷28d。结果表明:复方中草药添加量在0.4%时增质量率和特定生长率显著增高,且饵料系数显著降低(P<0.05),其中,增质量率提高14.5%,饵料系数降低16.3%;饲料中添加复方中草药显著降低血清总胆固醇、甘油三脂、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,添加量为0.4%、1.2%、1.6%时总胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05)且试验组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均显著降低,超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性均显著增加,淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加复方中草药能够提高黑棘鲷生长性能,非特异性免疫及肠道消化酶活性,并能有效改善血脂;推荐适宜添加量为0.4%~1.2%。This study aims to explore the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine on the growth performance,nonspecific immunity,and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of Acanthopagrus schlegelii.Compound Chinese herbs are prepared by combining Massa Medicata Fermentata,Fructus aurantii,Codonopsis pilosula,Eucommia ulmoides,Lonicera japonica,Astragalus membranaceus,Asparagus cochinchinensis,Rheum palmatum,Agrimonia pilosa,Ophiopogon japonicus,Isatis tinctoria,and Artemisia argyi.The compound Chinese herbal medicine was added to the basal diet in gradient(0%,0.4%,0.8%,1.2%,1.6%,2.0%)and fed to A.schlegelii for 28 days.The results show that the weight gain rate(WGR)and the specific growth rate significantly increase(P<0.05),while the feed conversion ratio(FCR)significantly decreases(P<0.05).The WGR increases by 14.5%,while the FCR decreases by 16.3%.At the 0.4%supplemental level of the compound Chinese herb,the total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)contents in serum significantly decrease.At the 0.4%,1.2%,and 1.6%supplemental levels(P<0.05),the TC significantly decrease,and the LDL-C contents decrease in all the Chinese herbal medicine supplemental groups(P<0.05).The superoxide dismutase and catalase activities greatly increase in the Chinese herbal medicine supplemental groups(P<0.05).Lastly,the amylase,lipase,and trypsin activities in the addition group are significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding the compound Chinese herbal medicine at an optimal amount of 0.4%-1.2%can improve the growth performance,non-specific immunity,and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of A.schlegelii and effectively improve its blood lipid.

关 键 词：复方中草药 黑棘鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii) 生长性能 非特异性免疫 消化酶 

分 类 号：S9[农业科学—水产科学]