雅罗鱼杂交种及其双亲耐碱性能相关生理指标比较  

A comparative study on physiological indexes related to alkali resistance of Leuciscus hybrid and its parents

作　　者：李雯 艾克达·热合曼 邹宇婷 黄晶 张立民[2] 常玉梅[2] LI Wen;AIKEDA·Reheman;ZOU Yuting;HUANG Jing;ZHANG Limin;CHANG Yumei(College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding,Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,Heilongjiang,China;College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所淡水鱼类育种国家地方联合工程实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [3]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2024年第2期341-351,共11页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD0900402);国家自然科学基金(32273120)。

摘　　要：为探究雅罗鱼杂交种“雅龙1号”及其亲本达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼(Leuciscus waleckii,母本)和新疆额尔齐斯河高体雅罗鱼(Leuciscus idus,父本)的耐碱性能,对3种实验鱼进行了为期7 d的50 mmol/L NaHCO3碱度胁迫实验,并对参与渗透压调节、氨代谢等与耐碱性能显著相关的几个生理指标及其对应基因表达进行了比较研究。结果发现,具有极强耐碱性能的母本鳃组织的钠-钾ATP酶(NKA)活性及其基因表达量(ATPaseα1-like和ATPaseα3)均高于杂交种,显著高于父本;血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性及其鳃基因表达量(alpl)均极显著低于其他两种鱼,表明母本可能通过AKP去磷酸化作用,调控NKA酶活性,参与高碱胁迫下的渗透压调节。氨代谢相关指标检测发现,母本的血氨(Amon)及尿素氮(BUN)含量均极显著低于其他两种鱼,而血清谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)和谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS),以及鳃相关基因表达量(glud、glul、Rhbg和Rhcg1)大部分高于杂交种,均显著高于父本,表明母本通过合成氨中间代谢物以及提高氨转运蛋白活性的方式消耗体内的氨。综上所述,这些生理指标与母本极强的耐碱性能显著相关,且较好地遗传给了其杂交子代“雅龙1号”。本研究结果为鱼类耐碱性能的综合评价提供了理论依据,为雅罗鱼耐碱新品种选育及良种申报奠定了工作基础。To investigate the alkali resistance of the hybrid of Leuciscus and its parent Leuciscus waleckii(female parent)and Leuciscus idus(male parent)of the Irtysh River in Xinjiang,the alkalinity stress experiment of 50 mmol/L NaHCO3 was carried out on three experimental fish for 7 days.Several physiological indexes and corresponding gene expressions involving osmotic pressure regulation and ammonia metabolism and significantly related to alkali resistance were compared and studied.The results showed that the Na+/K+ATPase(NKA)activity and gene expression(ATPaseα1-like and ATPaseα3)of the gill tissues of the female parent with strong alkali resistance were higher than those of hybrids,and significantly higher than those of the male parent.The serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activity and the gene expression amount(alpl)of gill tissue were significantly lower than those of the other two fish,indicating that the female parent may regulate NKA enzyme activity through AKP dephosphorylation and participate in osmotic pressure regulation under high alkaline stress.The detection of ammonia metabolism related indexes showed that the blood ammonia(Amon)and urea nitrogen(BUN)contents of the female parent were extremely significantly lower than those of the other two fish,while the serum glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)and glutamine synthetase(GS),as well as the expression of related genes in the gill tissue(glud,glul,Rhbg and Rhcg1)were mostly higher than those of hybrids,and significantly higher than those of the male parent,indicating that the female parent consumed ammonia in the body by synthesizing ammonia intermediate metabolites and increasing the activity of ammonia transporters.In summary,these physiological indexes were significantly related to the female parent's strong alkali resistance,and were well inherited to its hybrid offspring.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive evaluation of the alkali resistance of fish,and lay a working foundation for the selection and breeding of new vari

关 键 词：雅罗鱼 杂交种 耐碱性能 渗透压调节 氨代谢 

分 类 号：S962.3[农业科学—水产养殖]