机械应力影响环氧树脂绝缘电树枝劣化研究进展  

Research Progress on Influence of Mechanical Stress on Electrical Tree Deterioration of Epoxy Resin Insulation

作　　者：张莹 宋慧欣[1,2] 王冬梅 孔晓晓[3] 杜伯学 ZHANG Ying;SONG Huixin;WANG Dongmei;KONG Xiaoxiao;DU Boxue(Skills Training Center of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Heibei Baoding 071051,China;Baoding Electric Power Vocational and Technical College,Heibei Baoding 071051,China;School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300721,China)

机构地区：[1]国网冀北电力有限公司技能培训中心,河北保定071051 [2]保定电力职业技术学院,河北保定071051 [3]天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院,天津300721

出　　处：《高压电器》2024年第4期24-32,共9页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2023073)。

摘　　要：环氧树脂凭借其优异的电气绝缘、耐热与机械性能以及良好的可塑性,被广泛应用于支撑绝缘子、绝缘拉杆等电气设备绝缘部件。随着电气设备电压等级的提高,环氧树脂绝缘部件运行工况日趋严苛,机械应力带来的绝缘失效问题更为突出。根据国内外参考文献,文中综述了机械应力下环氧树脂电树枝劣化引发绝缘击穿现象的研究进展。根据环氧树脂承受应力的不同,介绍了拉伸、压缩应力下电树枝生长的形貌特征,总结了温度工况下机械应力对电树枝生长的影响规律。基于环氧树脂分子链的物理微观结构与电荷输运特性,从能量角度探讨了绝缘材料在机械应力下的电树枝劣化机理。阐述了电气设备环氧绝缘部件的电树枝研究的关键问题与解决思路,为开发高绝缘性能的环氧树脂绝缘材料提供了参考。Epoxy resin is widely used as such insulation parts of electrical equipment as support insulators and insu-lating rods due to its excellent electrical insulation,heat resistance,mechanical properties and good plasticity.With the increase of voltage level of electrical equipment,the operation is becoming more and more critical and the insula-tion failure caused by mechanical stress is becoming more prominent.Based on the reference both at home and abroad,the research progress on insulation breakdown due to electrical tree deterioration of epoxy resin under me-chanical stress is reviewed in this paper.The morphological characteristics of electrical tree growth under tensile and compressive stresses are introduced on the bases of different bearing stresses of epoxy resins,and the influence of mechanical stress on electrical tree growth under temperature conditions is summarized.The mechanism of electrical tree deterioration of insulation materials under mechanical stress is explored based on the physical micro-structure and charge transport characteristics of epoxy resin molecular chains and also from an energy perspective.The key is-sues and solutions for the study of electrical tree branches in epoxy insulation components of electrical equipment is described,which provides a reference for the development of epoxy resin insulation materials with high insulation performance.

关 键 词：环氧树脂 拉伸应力 压缩应力 温度梯度 电树枝 绝缘击穿 

分 类 号：TM215.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]