新型胫骨骨折侧卧位手术体位垫的设计与应用  

Design and application of a novel surgical position pad for tibial fracture treatment in lateral decubitus position

作　　者：曲良 牛大伟 李鹏 谭长龙 陶春生 赵金柱 Qu Liang;Niu Dawei;Li Peng;Tan Changlong;Tao Chunsheng;Zhao Jinzhu(Department of Orthopedics,No.971 Hospital of PLA Navy,Qingdao Shandong,266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军海军第971医院骨科,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《生物骨科材料与临床研究》2024年第2期88-91,94,共5页Orthopaedic Biomechanics Materials and Clinical Study

基　　金：青岛市卫生科技计划项目(2020-WJZD202)。

摘　　要：目的 研究一种新型胫骨骨折侧卧位手术体位垫的设计与临床应用。方法 设计一种新型胫骨骨折侧卧位手术体位垫,该体位垫主要由两块长方形可透视碳纤维板和三块起支撑和限制肢体的海绵块组成。为验证其使用效果,对2018年1月至2021年1月在中国人民解放军海军第971医院住院的76例胫骨髓内钉手术患者进行了回顾性分析,按照手术体位分为侧卧位组(n=41)和仰卧位组(n=35)。比较两组患者的手术时间、放射线透视时间、术中失血量、需要助手人数、骨折愈合时间和术后12个月的LEFS评分,同时记录两组的术后并发症。结果 侧卧位组的手术时间、透视时间短于仰卧位组,术中失血量、手术助手人数少于仰卧位组,骨折畸形愈合率低于仰卧位组,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的骨折愈合时间及术后12个月的LEFS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 该新型胫骨骨折侧卧位手术体位垫具有X线可透视、左右侧下肢通用、可拆卸调节、可放置手术工具等特点,可实现胫骨骨折侧卧位髓内钉置入时方便快捷地完成手术,减轻医护人员劳动强度。Objective To study the design and application of a novel surgical position pad for tibial fracture in lateral decubitus position.Methods The position pad consists of two rectangular X-ray penetrated carbon fiber plates and three sponges that support and restrain the limbs.In order to verify its efficacy,76 patients who sustained closed tibial shaft fractures and were treated with intramedullary nailing via the infrapatellar approach from January 2018 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups according to surgical position:Lateral group(n=41)and supine group(n=35).The demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed.Results The duration of surgery and fluoroscopy was shorter in the lateral group than in the supine group,the blood loss during surgery was lower in the lateral compared with supine position group(P<0.05).The malunion rate was lower in the lateral position group as compared with the supine position group;moreover,fewer surgical assistants were needed than in the supine group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in LEFS score at 12 months after operation,fracture healing time and other complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The position pad is characterized by X-ray penetrated,universal in left or right lower limbs,detachable and surgical tools can be placed on it.It is helpful to complete the operation conveniently and quickly.Furthermore,it can also reduce the work intensity of medical staff and cost.

关 键 词：体位垫 侧卧位 胫骨骨折 手术 

分 类 号：R683.42[医药卫生—骨科学]