富硫化矿业废弃地污染生物控制策略研究  

Research on Pollution Biological Control Strategy of Rich Sulfide Mining Wasteland

作　　者：程睿 CHENG Rui(Shenzhen Ruyin Ecological Construction Co.,Ltd,Shenzhen 518057,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市如茵生态环境建设有限公司,广东深圳518057

出　　处：《湖南生态科学学报》2024年第1期88-95,共8页Journal of Hunan Ecological Science

基　　金：江铜集团科技项目(2018012)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于人工干预的酸性矿山废水(AMD)污染生物控制策略,为同类矿山的污染修复提供解决方案。【方法】通过对矿山生态复垦工程实践的长期跟踪,结合AMD产生的“闭环式”反应条件,分析其污染演化规律和基于人工干预的污染生物控制策略。【结果】AMD污染演化及人工干预修复过程主要分为污染潜伏期、严重污染期、工程修复期、植被恢复窗口期、持续恶化期5个阶段。污染潜伏期内坚持动态整治并及时复垦覆绿是生物控制潜在污染的关键;严重污染期借助工程措施快速修复存量污染并全面重构土壤环境是植被能够恢复的关键;而植被恢复窗口期内快速重建乔灌木为主的立体植被群落系统以强化土壤功能修复,是遏制增量污染并确保植被系统可持续恢复的关键。【结论】以生物策略控制矿山污染的效费比更高、效果更可持续且环境更友好。【Objective】The biological control strategies for AMD pollution based on manual intervention is discussed to provide solutions for pollution remediation in similar mines.【Method】Through long-term tracking research on the practice of ecological reclamation engineering in mines,combined with the“closed-loop”reaction conditions generated by AMD,the evolution law of its pollution and pollution biological control strategies based on manual intervention were analyzed.【Result】The results show that the process of AMD pollution evolution and artificial intervention restoration is mainly divided into five stages:pollution incubation period,severe pollution period,engineering restoration period,vegetation restoration window period,and continuous deterioration period.The key to biological control of mines potential pollution is to persist in dynamic governance and timely reclamation and greening during the pollution incubation period.During periods of severe pollution,rapid restoration of existing pollution and comprehensive reconstruction of the soil environment through engineering measures are key to the recovery of vegetation.However,rapid reconstruction of vegetation community systems within the window period of vegetation restoration to enhance soil function restoration is key to curbing incremental pollution and ensuring sustainable recovery of vegetation systems.【Conclusion】Using biological strategies to control mining pollution has a higher cost-effectiveness ratio,and it’s sustainable,and environmentally friendly.

关 键 词：矿业废弃地 污染 矿山修复 生物控制策略 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X852