金属钨小孔电火花–电解复合能场加工工艺研究  被引量:1

Research on Tungsten Micropore Machining Technology With Electrospark-Electrolytic Hybrid Energy Field

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作  者:张彦[1] 陈超[1] ZHANG Yan;CHEN Chao(Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211800,China)

机构地区:[1]南京工业大学,南京211800

出  处:《航空制造技术》2024年第3期14-22,共9页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基  金:国家自然科学基金青年项目(51705239)。

摘  要:钨具有一系列优良的物理化学性能,可以满足航天材料的性能要求,已广泛应用于卫星、飞机及航空发动机等设备的一些关键部件。在使用传统加工技术制造零件时,加工过程通常受到零件和刀具界面处发热、弹性和塑性变形、高刀具磨损率及工件材料特性改变等问题的限制。电火花加工(EDM)技术是导电材料最有效的加工工艺之一,但对于金属钨小孔的制造,现有的电火花加工工艺可靠性和加工效率仍无法满足加工需求。提出在具有一定电导率的盐溶液下电火花–电解复合能场加工金属钨小孔的方法,分析加工时材料去除的机理,该方法利用电解作用在工具电极端产生氢气并形成气膜,促进两极之间等离子体放电通道的快速形成。开展了加工工艺优化试验,分析不同参数对加工特性的影响规律。在脉冲宽度3μs、脉冲间隙20μs、峰值电流14.17A、工作液浓度18 g/L的NaNO_(3)电解液下获得了高效率高质量的金属钨小孔。Tungsten has a series of excellent physical and chemical properties,which can meet the performance requirements of aerospace materials,and has been widely used in some key components of satellite,aircraft,aero-engine and other equipment.When traditional machining techniques are used to manufacture parts,the process is usually limited by heating at the interface between the part and the tool,elastic and plastic deformation,high tool wear rates,and changes in the material properties of the workpiece.The electric discharge machining(EDM)technology is one of the most effective machining technologies for conductive materials,but the reliability and efficiency of the existing EDM technology can not meet the machining requirements for the manufacture of tungsten small holes.A method of machining tungsten small holes in salt solution with certain conductivity by electrospark-electrolytic hybrid energy field is proposed.The mechanism of material removal during machining is analyzed.This method uses electrolytic action to generate hydrogen and form gas film at the tool electrical extremity,which promotes the rapid formation of plasma discharge channels between the two poles.The process optimization experiment was carried out to analyze the influence of different parameters on the machining characteristics.NaNO_(3) electrolyte with pulse width of 3μs,pulse gap of 12μs,peak current of 14.17 A and working liquid concentration of 18 g/L was used to obtain high efficiency and high quality tungsten holes.

关 键 词:电火花加工(EDM) 电解加工(ECM) 复合能场  微小孔 

分 类 号:TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]

 

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