超声能场在金属增材制造组织性能调控中的应用  

Application of Ultrasonic Energy Field in Control of Microstructure and Properties in Metal Additive Manufacturing Technology

作　　者：姜风春[1,2] 韩筱凡 果春焕 陈祖斌[2] 董涛 张贺新[1] 李海新[2] 杨振林 孙文瑶 JIANG Fengchun;HAN Xiaofan;GUO Chunhuan;CHEN Zubin;DONG Tao;ZHANG Hexin;LI Haixin;YANG Zhenlin;SUN Wenyao(School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Yantai Graduate School,Harbin Engineering University,Yantai 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学材料科学与化学工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工程大学烟台研究(生)院,烟台264000

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2024年第4期14-31,共18页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2801904);国家自然科学基金(52305344);国防基础科研产品创新项目(KY10100230067);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022QE073);烟台先进材料与绿色制造山东省实验室开放基金(AMGM2021F01)。

摘　　要：针对金属增材制造构件存在微观组织缺陷、残余应力及各向异性等问题,各种组织性能调控技术应运而生。结合近年来超声能场对增材制造组织性能调控的研究工作,详细分析了超声能场在增材制造过程中的“液-固”双重效应,总结了超声能场对增材制造金属材料的显微组织及其表面粗糙度、显微硬度、残余应力、耐腐蚀等性能的影响。研究表明,超声能场使材料内部组织晶粒显著细化、孔隙率降低、耐腐蚀性能提高;同时使增材制造构件显微硬度升高,应力状态向有利于构件性能的残余压应力转变。Various techniques to control microstructures and performances have been developed to address the problems of microstructure defects,residual stress,and anisotropy in metal additive manufacturing components.Based on the recent work performed in associated with additive manufacturing assisted by ultrasonic energy field,this paper analyzes the“liquid-solid”dual effect of ultrasonic impact,and summarizes the influence of ultrasonic impact treatment on the microstructure,surface roughness,microhardness,residual stress,corrosion resistance and other properties of additive metal materials.The results show that ultrasonic energy field ensures that the internal microstructure and grain size are significantly refined,the porosity is reduced,and the corrosion resistance is improved.At the same time,the microhardness of the additive component increases,and the residual tensile stress is transformed into residual compressive stress that is beneficial to the mechanical properties of the parts.

关 键 词：超声能场 增材制造(AM) 超声冲击(UIT) 细化晶粒 残余应力 显微硬度 

分 类 号：TG14[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG663[金属学及工艺—金属材料]