中国各民族纺染织绣类国家级非物质文化遗产传承方法和传播路径研究  

A research on inheritance approach and transmission routes of national-level intangible cultural heritages related to dyed textiles and brocades of various ethnic groups in China

作　　者：覃代伦 QIN Dailun(Department of Intangible Cultural Heritage,Chinese National Museum of Ethnology,Beijing 100080,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民族博物馆非遗部,北京100080

出　　处：《东华大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期31-41,共11页Journal of Donghua University:Social Science

摘　　要：中华优秀传统文化是各民族文化的集大成,是我们铸牢中华民族共同体意识、共建中华民族共有精神家园的精神基础,也是今天我们强大文化自信的根源。中国纺染织绣类国家级非物质文化遗产是中华优秀传统文化的有机组成部分。本文从民族学的角度切入,梳理了中国各民族纺染织绣类国家级非物质文化遗产项目类型,以及国家保护和传承中华民族纺染织绣类国家级非物质文化遗产的政策、法规和行动举措。从博物馆学的角度切入,研讨了博物馆在中华各民族纺染织绣类国家级非物质文化遗产藏品征集、学术研究和专题展览中的推动作用与社会影响力。从全国普通高等教育和中高等职业教育的角度切入,分析了中国各民族纺染织绣类国家级非遗进校园、进目录、进课堂的可能性与必要性,以及在国民教育体系中实施“学非遗、传非遗、展非遗”的社会教育意义和经济增殖价值,从而提炼展示中华文明的精神标识和文化精髓,加快构建中国话语和中国叙事体系,增强中华文明传播力和影响力。The fine traditional Chinese culture is a collection of cultures of various ethnic groups.It is also the psychological basis to consolidate the shared identity of the Chinese nation and jointly construct the common spiritual homeland of the Chinese people.The dyed textiles and brocade varieties,which are inscribed onto the list of the national intangible cultural heritage,compose a dynamic part of the fine traditional Chinese culture.This article approaches these heritages from the perspective of ethnology to categorize different types of national-level intangible cultural heritage related to dyed textiles and brocades of various Chinese ethnic groups as well as the national-level laws,regulations,and measures to protect and inherit them.From the perspective of museology,this article also explores how museums advance collection of artifacts on intangible cultural heritage,related academic studies and thematic exhibitions as well as the social influence they have.Separately,the article analyzes not only the possibility and necessity of ushering these intangible cultural heritage items into campuses,syllabuses,and classrooms,viewing from the nationwide higher education,and secondary and higher-level vocational education systems,but also the social significance and added economic values of implement of“learning,inheriting,and exhibiting”intangible cultural heritage items in the national educational system as a whole.Therefore,this article demonstrates the psychological labels and cultural essences of Chinese civilization in concise words and contributes to accelerate the building of Chinese discourse and narrative systems and strengthen the spreading power of and influence of Chinese civilization.

关 键 词：非物质文化遗产 纺染织绣 保护与传播 方法与路径 传播力与影响力 

分 类 号：J523[艺术—艺术设计]