西方史前史研究初探:观念、理论与叙事  

A Review of the Prehistory Study in Western World:Concepts,Theories and Narratives

作　　者：倪凯 Ni Kai

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院 [2]聊城大学历史文化与旅游学院,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《史学月刊》2024年第4期116-126,共11页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“20世纪的历史学和历史学家”(19ZDA235)。

摘　　要：史前史产生于19世纪中后期,是历史研究中一个比较特殊的分支,它上承自然史下接有文字记载的历史。史前史研究有其独特的理论与方法,20世纪60年代之前,史前史研究带有强烈的思辨色彩,试图用一种单一的理论构建统一的史前叙事,回答人类起源与文明起源的重大问题。20世纪60年代之后,史前史研究更注重事实考证,生态学、经济学、碳十四测年法、象征主义、分子遗传学以及全球视野成为史前史家构筑史前叙事的重要理论与方法。Emerged in the middle and late 19th century,prehistory is a relatively special branch of historical research.It is preceded by natural history and followed by written history.Prehistoric research has its own unique theories and methods.Before the 1960s,the study of prehistory was very speculative,trying to use a single theory(evolution or diffusion) to construct a unity and answer the big questions of the origin of mankind and the origin of civilization.After the 1960s,prehistoric studies paid more attention to factual research.Ecology,economics,radiocarbon,symbolism,molecular genetics and global perspectives have become important theories and methods for prehistoric historians to construct prehistoric narratives.

关 键 词：文化进化与传播 文明起源 世界史前史 DNA技术 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]