2012—2022年苏州市15岁以下儿童法定传染病流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of legal infectious diseases among children aged under 15 years in Suzhou City from 2012 to 2022

作　　者：杭惠 陈立凌[1] 刘成[1] HANG Hui;CHEN Liling;LIU Cheng(Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou 215004,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏苏州215004

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第3期233-238,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：苏州市2020年度第二十九批科技发展计划(民生科技)项目(项目编号:SS202073);苏州市2022年度第二十七批科技发展计划(社会发展科技创新)项目(项目编号:2022SS14)。

摘　　要：目的针对苏州市15岁以下儿童法定传染病的流行现状进行分析,以期为儿童传染病的防控提供全面的数据支持。方法在我国传染病监测系统中导出2012—2022年苏州市15岁以下儿童法定传染病病例监测资料并进行流行病学分析,率的比较使用SPSS 17.0软件的χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果2012—2022年苏州市15岁以下儿童法定传染病发病率较高(年均2429.45/10万),2019年较2012年发病率上升66.14%,新冠疫情期间发病率有所下降。肠道传染病保持上升走势,分类构成居首位(82.09%)。从单病种发病情况看,手足口病发病232755例,占71.43%,居儿童传染病首位;流行性感冒占12.05%(39268例),其他感染性腹泻病占10.43%(33975例),分别位居第2、3位。6岁以下儿童(83.37%)为发病主体。5个中心城区年均发病率高于5个周边市区(χ^(2)=1691.288,P<0.001)。季节特征呈现春夏交替季(5至7月)高发,秋冬季(11至12月)翘尾现象。结论苏州市15岁以下儿童法定传染病发病呈现上升趋势,季节特征明显,不同地区、不同年龄分布差异较大,需要根据流行特征,结合实际精准防控。Objective To analyze the epidemic status of legal infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Suzhou City,and to provide comprehensive data support for the prevention and control of infectious diseases among children.Methods The surveillance data of legal infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Suzhou City from 2012 to 2022 were exported from the National Infectious Disease Monitoring System and an epidemiological analysis was conducted.The comparison of rates was conducted by Chi-square test of SPSS 17.0,and the test level wasα=0.05.Results From 2012 to 2022,the incidence of legal infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Suzhou City was relatively high,with an annual average incidence rate of 2429.45/105.The incidence rate increased by 66.14%from 2012 to 2019,and the incidence rate decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic.Intestinal infectious diseases maintained an upward trend,ranking first in the category composition(82.09%).In terms of the incidence of single diseases,there were 232755 cases of hand,foot and mouth disease,accounting for 71.43%,ranking first among childhood infectious diseases.Influenza(39268 cases,12.05%)and other infectious diarrhea diseases(33975 cases,10.43%),ranked second and third,respectively.Children under 6 years old(83.37%)were the main cases.The average annual incidence in 5 central urban areas was higher than that in 5 peripheral urban areas(χ^(2)=1691.288,P<0.001).The seasonal characteristics showed a high incidence in the alternate seasons of spring and summer(May to July),and a tail curling phenomenon in autumn and winter(November to December).Conclusions The incidence of legal infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Suzhou City showed an upward trend with obvious seasonal characteristics and significant differences in the distribution among different regions and ages.Accurate prevention and control should be carried out according to epidemiological characteristics and with the combination of actual situations.

关 键 词：传染病 儿童 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]