聚合物基Al/CuO纳米铝热剂的制备及表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Polymer Based Al/CuO Nanothermite

作　　者：白超飞 焦钰珂 罗运军[1,2] 李国平 BAI Chao-fei;JIAO Yu-ke;LUO Yun-jun;LI Guo-ping(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory for Ministry of Education of High Energy Density Materials,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料学院,北京100081 [2]高能量密度材料教育部重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2024年第3期220-228,I0004,共10页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.22175024)。

摘　　要：为研究聚合物基铝热剂的性能,制备了以GAP-ETPE和F2311作为黏结剂的Al/CuO纳米铝热剂。然后利用油墨直写技术(DIW)配制出固含量高达80%的含能油墨GAP/F2311-MICs(GF-MICs),在此基础上加入高氯酸铵(AP),探索AP/GF-MICs模型推进剂的可打印性,并研究了AP含量对于AP/GF-MICs模型推进剂燃烧性能的影响规律;采用FTIR方法测试了混合黏结剂的相容性和稳定性,通过TG-DSC和静态拉伸研究了GF-MICs纳米铝热剂的热性能,并测试了其流变性和聚合物的力学性能。结果表明,GAP-ETPE与F2311质量比为1∶4时,混合黏结剂的相容性、稳定性和力学性能最好;纳米Al/CuO的加入使得F2311和GAP-ETPE的热分解温度分别提前89.0℃和32.9℃;随着模型推进剂中Al/CuO含量的增加,AP高温分解温度最高提前101.58℃,预先点火反应提前29.68℃,放热量提升135%;GF-MICs能够很好地提高模型推进剂的反应活性和燃烧速率,且当模型推进剂中Al/CuO质量分数由10%增至40%时,到达P max时间缩短了71%,平均燃烧速率提升了293%。In order to study the performance of polymer based aluminothermal agents,Al/CuO nano aluminothermal agents with GAP-ETPE and F2311 as binders were prepared and then an energetic ink GAP/F2311-MICs(GF-MICs)with a solid content of up to 80%was prepared by direct ink writing(DIW)method.On this basis,ammonium perchlorate(AP)was added to explore the printability of AP/GF-MICs model propellants,and the influence of AP content on the combustion performance of AP/GF-MICs model propellants was studied.The compatibility and stability of the mixed binder were tested using FTIR method,and the thermal properties of GF-MICs nano aluminothermal agents were studied through TG-DSC and static stretching.The rheological properties and mechanical properties of the polymer were also tested.The results show that the compatibility,stability,and mechanical properties of the mixed adhesive are the best when the mass ratio of GAP-ETPE to F2311 is 1∶4.The addition of nano Al/CuO advances the thermal decomposition temperatures of F2311 and GAP-ETPE by 89.0℃and 32.9℃,respectively.With the increase of Al/CuO content in the model propellant,the highest high-temperature decomposition temperature of AP is advanced by 101.58℃,the pre-ignition reaction is advanced by 29.68℃,and the heat release is increased by 135%.GF-MICs can effectively improve the reaction activity and combustion rate of model propellants,and when the mass fraction of Al/CuO in the model propellant increases from 10%to 40%,the time to reach P max is shortened by 71%,and the average combustion rate is increased by 293%.

关 键 词：纳米材料 GAP-ETPE/F2311 Al/CuO 增材制造 含能油墨 铝热剂 模型推进剂 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]