供应及需求中断下农产品批发商弹性供应链设计研究  

Designing a resilient wholesaler supply chain for agri-food products under supply and demand disruption

作　　者：李珠月 赵培忻[1] LI Zhuyue;ZHAO Peixin(School of Management,Shandong University,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学管理学院,济南250000

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2024年第2期595-611,共17页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2020MG002);山东省社科规划研究项目(20CGLJ11);国家自然科学基金(72071122,72134004)。

摘　　要：以批发市场为核心的农产品供应链是我国农产品流通的主渠道,在保障城市供应、维持农产品供应方面发挥重要的作用.一些批发市场关停、供应中断等会严重影响批发商的正常经营,因此,如何为批发商设计应对此类中断风险的供应链愈发重要.目前针对农产品批发市场的研究较少,一般的供应链设计问题较难反映批发商的采购特点及其面临的中断风险.基于此,本文以供应链利润最大化为目标,根据批发商的经营过程提出了多源采购、加固供应商、后备供应商、后备需求方弹性策略,构建了同时考虑供应需求中断、产品分级、折扣定价、易腐特性的农产品批发商弹性供应链模型,为批发商选择供应商和分销中心,并确定采购数量和运输方案.本文采用蒙特卡罗抽样和k-medoids聚类生成供应及需求中断场景,并对不同定价方案、需求变化、弹性策略、设施中断、中断强度下的农产品供应链设计结果进行敏感性分析,为批发商的科学决策提供参考.Agri-food supply chain with wholesale market as the core is the main circulation channel of agricultural products,which plays an important role in ensuring urban supply and maintaining agri-food supply.Some wholesale market closure and supply disruptions have se-riously affected the normal operation of wholesalers.How to design the most profitable supply chain against supply chain disruption risks is getting more attention.However,there are few researches based on the agri-food wholesale market,and the research about the general supply chain design is difficult to reflect the purchasing characteristics of wholesalers and disruption risks.This paper speculates there are some strategies that can be used to mitigate the disruption risks,namely multiple-sourcing,backup supplier,supplier reinforcement,and backup demand,which are suitable for characteristics of wholesalers and designs a resilient wholesaler supply chain network model which considers demand and supply disruption,product sorting,discount pricing and perishability.The model designs the most profitable network to determine the selection of suppliers,DCs and the order allocation.In order to solve the problem,the piecewise model is transformed into a mixed-integer programming model through two steps.And then,typical disruption scenarios are obtained by Monte Carlo sampling and k-medoids clustering.Finally,we make a sensitivity analysis on the design of agri-food supply chain under different pricing schemes,different demand changes,different resilient strategies,different facility disruption and different disruption intensity,which can provide managerial insights for similar business pattern of wholesalers.

关 键 词：批发商 供应链设计 供应商选择 供应链中断 弹性策略 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] O221.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]