综合实验试题D:利用Paul阱囚禁带电微粒进行电荷测量  

Comprehensive problem D: Measuring the charge oftrapping charged particles by Paul trap

作　　者：朱峰 王媛 师静姝 罗乐 ZHU Feng;WANG Yuan;SHI Jingshu;LUO Le(School of Physics and Astronomy,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Qike Quantum Technology(Zhuhai)Co.,Ltd.,Zhuhai 519085,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学物理与天文学院,广东珠海519082 [2]启科量子技术(珠海)有限公司,广东珠海519085

出　　处：《物理实验》2024年第3期32-38,共7页Physics Experimentation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“引力波探测”专项(No.2022YFC2204402);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(No.2019B030330001);国家自然科学基金项目(No.11774436,No.12074439)。

摘　　要：第9届全国大学生物理实验竞赛珠海赛区综合实验试题D为利用Paul阱囚禁带电微粒进行电荷测量,通过在Paul阱中施加一定频率和幅度的电场,参赛选手需要将带电宏观微粒稳定囚禁,并利用光电器件对带电微粒进行观察和测量.竞赛结果表明:超过90%的参赛学生成功搭建了光路和电路,并稳定囚禁了带电微粒,达到了实验竞赛题的设计目的,同时发现对于误差分析和电荷测量,只有少量学生能够完成,这表明灵活运用物理原理对实验系统进行数学建模的能力有待提高.此试题难度分层明显,考查了学生对光学、电子电路、电磁学的基本原理和大学物理实验通用仪器的综合运用能力,以及前沿探索和创新研究的潜力.The comprehensive problem D of the 9th National Undergraduate Physics Experiment Competition(Zhuhai Division)was to measure the charge of trapping charged particles by Paul trap.By applying an electric field with specific frequency and amplitude within a Paul trap,the contestants needed to stably trap charged particles on macro scale and used photoelectric devices to implement observation and measurement on the charged particles.More than 90%of contestants could successfully construct optical path and circuits,and stably trap a significant number of charged particles,achieve the design purpose of the competition experiment.Regarding error analysis and the final charge calculation,only a small number of contestants were able to perform well,indicating that the ability to flexibly apply physical principles to mathematical modeling of experimental system needed to be improved.This test exhibited clear levels in difficulty,assessed students’comprehensive mastery of optics,electronic circuits,electromagnetism,and the use of general instruments for university physics experiments,as well as the students’potential for engaging in advanced exploration and innovative research.

关 键 词：PAUL阱 四极杆阱 带电微粒 电荷测量 

分 类 号：O441.1[理学—电磁学]