美欧数据要素市场治理模式比较与中国因应——基于全球数字经济战略博弈的视角考察  

Comparison of data element market governance models in the US and Europe and China’s responses:A perspective based on the strategic game of global digital economy

作　　者：李晓磊 卢安文[3] 欧阳日辉 LI Xiaolei;LU Anwen;OUYANG Rihui(School of Cyber Security and Information Law,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;Post-Doctoral Research Center,National Information Center,Beijing 100045,China;School of Economics and Management,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;China Center for Internet Economy Research,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学网络空间安全与信息法学院,重庆400065 [2]国家信息中心博士后科研工作站,北京100045 [3]重庆邮电大学经济管理学院,重庆400065 [4]中央财经大学中国互联网经济研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期77-87,共11页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目:国家关键信息基础设施系统安全协同防护体系研究(19ZDA127);国家自然科学基金项目:我国数据要素市场体系的顶层设计(72241422);重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目:数据主义视角下信息网络犯罪罪数问题研究(22SKGH141);重庆邮电大学教学改革研究项目:企业数据安全与合规治理:理论与实务指引(XJG23256)。

摘　　要：数据要素是指根据特定生产需求汇聚、整理、加工而成的计算机数据及其衍生形态;伴随着通信和数据技术的发展,其在相应产业背景的演变中逐渐成为促进生产的关键要素。从全球数字经济战略博弈视角而言,数据要素治理模式关乎数字经济发展的速度和质量;选择何种模式属于重组全球要素资源、重塑经济结构、改变竞争格局的战略决策。美欧等发达国家和地区已逐步确立符合自身优势特点的数据要素市场治理模式,以获取全球数据要素治理规范标准的主导权。美国基于全球市场导向的国家战略和强大数字经济实力,整体上奉行以数据自由为基础的“开放、进攻型数据治理模式”,构筑美国主导的全球数据要素市场治理规范体系;欧盟基于人本主义传统和缺少强大数字科技平台企业的实际,选择以人权保障为基础的“强监管、全面防御型数据治理模式”,推行欧盟版的全球数据要素市场治理规范体系。中国应直面美欧竞争态势,一方面深入研究美国和欧盟模式的竞争优势及不足,不断探究、揭示并恪守数字经济发展规律;另一方面,应结合中国自身特点和优势,合理借鉴美欧经验,以期后中争先,提出以数据安全为基石的“开放、积极防御型数据治理模式”(即“中国模式”),持续不断地形塑有利于中国数字经济发展的全球数字经济新格局。Data factors refer to the computer data and its derivative forms gathered,sorted and processed according to specific production needs.With the development of communication and data technology,it has gradually become a key factor in promoting production in the evolution of the corresponding industries.In terms of global digital economy strategic game,the data factor governance model is related to the speed and quality of digital economy development.The choice of the model is a strategic decision to reorganize global factor resources,reshape economic structure,and change the competitive landscape.Developed countries and regions such as the United States and Europe have gradually established a governance model for data factor market that conforms to their own advantages and characteristics,in order to gain the dominance of global data factor governance standards.Guided by the global market-oriented national strategy and strong digital economy,the United States pursues an“open and offensive data governance model”based on data freedom,and builds a U.S.-led global governance normative system for data factor market.Due to its humanistic tradition and the absence of advanced digital technology platform enterprises,the EU has chosen the“data governance model with strong regulation and comprehensive defense”based on human rights protection,and implemented EU edition of global governance standard system for data factor market.China should face the competition between the United States and Europe.On the one hand,it should deeply study the competitive advantages and disadvantages of the United States and the EU model,and constantly explore,reveal and abide by the law of digital economy development.On the other hand,China should combine its own characteristics and advantages with reasonable learning from the experience of the United States and EU.To compete in the future,China shoud propose“an open and active defensive data governance model”(i.e.,“China model”)based on data security.This will continually shape

关 键 词：数据要素市场 战略博弈 数据治理模式 中国模式 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]