髋膝关节置换术后对静脉血栓栓塞的防治现状及进展  

Prevention and treatment status and research progress of venous thromboembolism after hip and knee replacement

作　　者：周小明 张朝贵[2] ZHOU Xiaoming;ZHANG Chaogui(School of Medicine,Jishou University,Hunan Province,Jishou 416000,China;Department of Orthopedics,Loudi Central Hospital,Hunan Province,Loudi 417000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学医学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]湖南省娄底市中心医院骨科,湖南娄底417000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2024年第9期183-186,190,共5页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：湖南省娄底市科技创新计划项目(娄科发〔2022〕32号)。

摘　　要：髋膝关节置换作为一种成熟的手术方式,广泛地应用于治疗髋膝关节的疾病,缓解了患者疼痛,恢复和改善了关节的运动功能,矫正了关节畸形以及提高了生活质量。但深静脉血栓形成是术后严重并发症,血栓预防不佳不仅会影响手术效果,而且加长了患者住院周期以及增加患者经济负担,给临床医生也造成了极大的困扰。因此围手术期安全有效的静脉血栓预防尤为重要,术后深静脉血栓形成的治疗也尤为重要,但是目前临床上静脉血栓栓塞防治方式种类繁多,其中有药物预防和机械预防,治疗也包括药物质治疗及手术治疗等方式,各自的优缺点不同,临床上针对不同年龄及基础疾病的患者,在选取最佳的治疗方案方面有所困扰。因此,本文拟对髋膝关节置换术后静脉血栓栓塞的防治现状及进展做一综述。Hip and knee replacement,as a mature surgical method,is widely used to treat diseases of the hip and knee joint,alleviating patients'pain,restoring and improving the motor function of the joint,correcting joint deformities and im-proving the quality of life.However,deep vein thrombosis is a serious complication after surgery.Poor thrombosis will not only affect the surgical effect,but also lengthen the patient's hospitalization cycle and increase the patient's economic bur-den,causing great trouble to the clinicians.Therefore,safe and effective prevention of venous thrombosis during the periop-erative period is particularly important,and the treatment of postoperative deep vein thrombosis is also particularly impor-tant.However,at present,there are many ways to prevent and treat clinical upper venous thromboembolism,including drug prevention and mechanical prevention.The treatment also include drug treatment and surgical treatment.The advantages and disadvantages are different.Clinically,for patients of different ages and basic diseases,they are troubled in choosing the best treatment plan.Therefore,this article intends to review the prevention and treatment status and progress of venous thromboembolism after hip and knee replacement.

关 键 词：髋膝关节置换 机械性预防 抗凝药物预防 手术取栓 药物溶栓 

分 类 号：R619[医药卫生—外科学]