英国关于中国台湾主权归属问题的态度(1942-1946)  

The Attitude of the United Kingdom Towards the Sovereignty over Taiwan,China(1942-1946)

作　　者：韩永利 马吟风[1] HAN Yongli;MA Yinfeng

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国际问题研究院,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学历史学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《台湾研究集刊》2024年第2期110-124,共15页Taiwan Research Journal

基　　金：2016年度国家社会科学基金抗日战争研究专项工程“世界反法西斯战争史(含中国抗日战争)档案资料收集整理与研究”(16KZD020)。

摘　　要：从太平洋战争爆发到二战结束后初期英国在中国台湾主权归属问题上的态度主要反映在三个方面:第一,改变承认日本通过《马关条约》窃取和占领中国中国台湾的态度,虽主张在战后剥夺日本对中国台湾的占有,但基于殖民主义立场,将中国收回中国台湾的正义目标贬称为有“领土野心”;第二,顺应大势参与签署《开罗宣言》,承认中国台湾应当归还中国,同时又与美国共谋试图促使中国同意在中国台湾建立“国际共管的军事基地”以换取中国台湾回归中国;第三,表面遵守《开罗宣言》《波茨坦公告》关于中国台湾归属中国的条款,实际违背法律承诺,虚化并否定条款实质,不承认战后中国台湾主权已经回归中国的事实。英国在中国台湾问题上的双重态度,既有在大趋势裹挟下承认现实的一面,也有从自身殖民利益出发看待中国台湾归属中国问题的本质一面。From the outbreak of the Pacific War to the early post-WWⅡperiod,the United Kingdom's attitude on China Taiwan's sovereignty was mainly manifested in the following three aspects:first,after the war,the U.K.changed her attitude of recognizing Japan's annexation and occupation of China Taiwan through the Treaty of Shimonoseki and advocated for the deprivation of Japan's possession of China Taiwan.However,from a colonialist stance,it depicted China's rightful aspiration of recovering China Taiwan as an act of territorial ambition.Second,in alignment with the overarching historical trajectory,the U.K.endorsed the Cairo Declaration,which affirmed that China Taiwan should be returned to China.Simultaneously,it colluded with the U.S.to press China into accepting the establishment of an“internationally controlled military base”in China Taiwan as a condition for“Taiwan's return to China”.Third,right after the end of World WarⅡ,the U.K.violated legal commitments,denied the legal effect of the Cairo Declaration and Potsdam Proclamation regarding China Taiwan's return to China.During this period,the U.K.'s attitude towards the Taiwan question was obviously dual faced:On the one hand,it recognized the inevitability imposed by the major historical trends;on the other hand,it primarily interpreted the Taiwan question from its own colonial interests.

关 键 词：英国 中国台湾主权归属 中国 《开罗宣言》 

分 类 号：D618[政治法律—政治学]