干制辣椒种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析  

Title:Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Phenotypic Traits of Dry Pepper Germplasm Resources

作　　者：朱珍花 濮丹 杨洋 赵官涛 牛童 ZHU Zhenhua;PU Dan;YANG Yang;ZHAO Guantao;NIU Tong(Gansu Yasheng Industrial(Group)Co.Ltd.,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃亚盛农业研究院有限公司,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第6期1-8,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：甘肃省科技厅重点研发计划资助项目(22YF7NA060);兰州市人才创新创业资助项目(2021-RC-67)。

摘　　要：以国内收集的32份干制辣椒种质资源为试材,采用遗传多样性分析、变异水平分析、相关性分析、主成分分析及聚类分析,研究了不同类型种质资源各性状的关系及其对表型性状遗传多样性的影响,以期为干制辣椒种质资源创新和育种提供参考依据。结果表明:23个表型性状的变异系数(CV)在12.47%~81.54%,遗传多样性指数(H′)在0.37~2.03。大部分表型性状存在相关性,其中植株大小、叶片大小分别与单果质量、果肉厚呈极显著正相关,成熟期果色分别与株型、果实大小、未成熟果色呈极显著正相关。主成分分析将23个表型性状转化成6个主成分因子,其累计贡献率达到75.14%。聚类分析将32份干制辣椒种质资源分为5类,第Ⅰ类群植株高,叶片大,果长锥形,果色暗红。第Ⅱ类群植株矮,叶片小,果细长,易制干,坐果数多。第Ⅲ类群植株矮且株型紧凑,节间有绒毛,叶片小、果短锥形且果顶凹,果肉薄。第Ⅳ类群株型半张开,叶片大,果大牛角、单果质量大,果肉厚,不易制干。第Ⅴ类群包含种质较多,果多为羊角,果顶尖。Taking 32 dry pepper germplasm resources collected in China as test materials,and used genetic diversity analysis,variation level analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis to study the effects of the relationship between different types of germplasm resources for genetic diversity of phenotypic traits,in order to provide reference for germplasm resources innovation and breeding of dried pepper.The results showed that the coefficient of variation was 12.47%-81.54%,and the genetic diversity index was between 0.37-2.03 of 23 phenotypic traits.There was a correlation between most phenotypic traits,with plant size and leaf size showed a highly significant positive correlation with single fruit quality and flesh thickness,and mature fruit color showed a highly significant positive correlation with plant type,fruit size,and immature fruit color.Through principal component analysis,23 phenotypic traits of dry pepper were transformed into 6 principal component factors,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 75.14%.Cluster analysis could divide the 32 dry pepper resources into 5 categories.The first group had plant height,large leaves,long conical and dark red color of fruit.The second kind of group plant was short,the leaf was small,the fruit was slender,easy to dry and had a large number of fruits.The third group of plants was short and compact,with tomentose internodes,small leaves,short conical and concave tops of fruit,and thin flesh.The fourth kind of group plant type was semi-open,the leaf was large,the fruit was big bull horny,the single fruit was heavy,the pulp was thick,and it was not easy to dry.The fifth group contained more germplasm,the fruit was mostly sheep horny,pointed fruit top.

关 键 词：干制辣椒 表型性状 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]