凝固过程多尺度原位研究进展  

In Situ Investigations of Solidification at Multiple Scales

作　　者：张伦勇 贺一轩 孙剑飞[1,2] ZHANG Lunyong;HE Yixuan;SUN Jianfei(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Precision Heat Processing of Metals,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China;State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]西北工业大学材料学院,陕西西安710072 [4]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《铸造技术》2024年第3期191-207,共17页Foundry Technology

基　　金：凝固技术国家重点实验室基金(SKLSP2002303);哈尔滨工业大学基础研究院所稳定支持经费(DCQQ2970101922)。

摘　　要：凝固过程控制是诸多相关技术的核心,在不同尺度上理解凝固行为对于实现凝固过程的有效设计与精确控制至关重要。历经数十载,凝固行为的原位研究已在微观尺度上揭示出凝固组织动态演化的丰富行为,并逐步向纳观尺度拓展。本文简要梳理了近半个世纪以来在微观尺度及纳观尺度凝固行为原位研究所取得的主要成果,总结了凝固过程多尺度原位研究方法,从原位研究角度揭示了胞晶、枝晶转变与组织演化行为及其影响规律,展示了目前已知的关于等轴晶、共晶体系凝固及组织特征的原位研究成果,也简要介绍了当前在金属熔体纳观尺度形核行为方面原位研究得到的认知。Solidification is an essential process in versatile technologies.Thus,it is vital to understand solidification behaviour at multiple scales to realize effective design and precise control of the solidification process.After decades of investigation,in situ studies of solidification have revealed the evolution of solidification microstructures at the microscale,which has gradually advanced to the nanoscale.In this paper,the main results of in situ investigations of solidification behaviour at the microscale and nanoscale are reviewed,the in situ investigation methods for solidification are summarized,the transition behaviours of cellular and dendrites as well as their evolutions and influences are revealed,and in situ analysis of the solidification and microstructure characteristics of equiaxed grains and eutectic systems is presented.This review also introduces the current status of nucleation behaviours at the nanoscale for metallic melts obtained by in situ investigations.

关 键 词：凝固过程 原位研究 多尺度行为 

分 类 号：TG111.4[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]