现代大学兴起与新旧学术嬗变  

The Rise of Modern Universities and the Transition of Academic Paradigms

作　　者：关爱和[1] Guan Aihe(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Henan University,Zheng Zhou 450036,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院,郑州450036

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期115-126,共12页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国文学学术现代化进程研究”(项目批准号:21&ZD263)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：现代大学的建立是中国现代化的重要组成部分。中国现代大学在中国现代化过程中担负着思想生产、学术传衍、人才培养的重任。五四时期新思潮所张扬的民主科学精神,20世纪30年代民族解放思潮所秉持的独立自由精神,推动中国大学成为新旧学术体系、新旧知识体系转换嬗变的枢垣之地。后五四时代中国新旧学术的嬗变,遵循输入学理、整理国故、再造文明的思想逻辑,经历信古、疑古、考古、释古的若干发展阶段,逐步完成旧的宗经征圣的经史子集“国故”体系,向新的重估一切价值谋求学术独立的文学、史学、考古、艺术等学术与知识体系的转换。大学在新旧学术转换的场域中,磨洗旧学,融会新知,渐次建成以新学术、新知识体系支撑的学科体系,培养出可以熟练运用新价值观,创造新学术,且以新学术服务国家民族现代化建设目标的新学人。在中国式现代化的进程中,中国的大学没有缺席;也正因为积极参与国家民族现代化进程,中国的现代大学才获得与时俱进的信心和力量。The rise of modern universities is an essential component of China's modernization.Chinese modern universities have played a key role in the production of ideas,transmission of knowledge,and cultivation of talents in the process of China's modernization.The democratic and scientific spirits advocated by the New Culture Movement of the 1919 May-4th period,together with the spirits of independence and freedom upheld by the national liberation movement of the 1930s,have made Chinese universities pivotal places for the transformation of academia and knowledge paradigms.This transformation of Chinese academia and knowledge paradigms from the old to the new in the post-May-4th period follows the thinking logic of importing academic theories,sorting out old classics,and renewing civilization,which undergoes through the stages of believing,doubting,assessing,and interpreting traditional classics,to gradually accomplish the transformation from the old paradigm of “national heritage” based on classical Confucian scriptures to a new paradigm of re-evaluating everything that establishes academic independence in literature,histography,archaeology,and art.In the course of transforming the academia and knowledge paradigms,universities examined traditional old knowledge and incorporated it with the new,and gradually established a disciplinary framework supported by new academia and knowledge paradigms.This framework nurtured new intellectuals who were proficient in applying new values,creating new ideas that have served the realization of China's national modernization.Chinese universities are not absent in the process of modernization,on the contrary they have actively participated in the construction of China's unique modernization,and it is thanks to this participation that Chinese modern universities have gained confidence and strength to keep up with the times.

关 键 词：现代化 现代大学 学术嬗变 枢垣之地 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]