世界优秀足球运动员跨国流动及其影响因素探析  

A Study on theTransnational Mobility of World Elite Soccer Players and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：孙健[1] SUN Jian(School of Physical Education,Ludong University,Yantai,Shandong 264025)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学体育学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2024年第2期16-25,共10页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：鲁东大学科研基金项目“足球比赛节奏问题的深入研究”(WY2011002)。

摘　　要：世界优秀足球运动员的跨国流动不仅是一种社会现象,也是体育学术界关注的热点。为对这一体育现象有更确切的了解和认识,同时为中国足球未来发展方略制定提供参考,研究通过文献资料法、数理统计法,首次以近4届世界杯参赛运动员的跨国流动为研究对象,即对第18—21届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段参赛运动员工作属地的数据进行分析。研究发现,在第18—21届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段,总计有1835名球员实现了跨国流动,其中在英格兰、德国、意大利、西班牙、法国这5个国家(地区)的球员数量最多,共计1159人,占实现跨国流动球员总数的63.16%,世界足球人才“欧洲聚集”尤其是“欧洲五大联赛聚集”的马太效应十分明显。研究结论认为,影响世界优秀足球运动员跨国流动的因素主要有经济因素、历史文化因素、政策因素、个人因素等,但本质上是经济因素在发挥主导作用。The transnational mobility of the world elite soccer players is not only a social phenomenon,but also a hotspot of con⁃cern in the sports academiaIn order to have a more accurate understanding and awareness of this sports phenomenon,and at the same time to provide reference for the formulation of the future development strategy of Chinese soccer,this study analyzed for the first time the transnational mobility of the players who participated in the last four World Cups through the methods of documents and mathemati⁃cal statistics,that is,analyzed the data on the workplaces of the athletes who participated in the 18th to 21st World Cup Final StageThe study found that in the final stage of the 18th-21st World Cup,a total of 1,835 players made transnational mobility,among which the number of players in the five countries(regions)of England,Germany,Italy,Spain and France was the largest,with a total of 1,159 players,accounting for 6316%of the total number of players who made transnational mobility,and the world soccer talents were“gathered in Europe”The Matthew effect of“European aggregation”,especially“aggregation of the five major leagues in Europe”,is very obviousThe study concludes that the factors affecting the transnational mobility of world elite soccer players mainly include eco⁃nomic factors,historical and cultural factors,policy factors,and personal factors,but in essence,economic factors play a leading role.

关 键 词：足球运动员 世界杯 跨国流动 影响因素 

分 类 号：G843[文化科学—体育训练]