正念对运动员心流的影响:心理弹性的中介作用  

Effectiveness of Mindfulness on Athletes'Flow:the Mediating Role of Resilience

作　　者：刘冯铂 张忠秋[2] 刘书强[3] LIU Fengbo;ZHANG Zhongqiu;LIU Shuqiang(Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou Henan 450000;China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061;Shang-hai Research Institute of Sport Science,Shanghai 200030)

机构地区：[1]郑州轻工业大学,河南郑州450000 [2]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [3]上海体育科学研究所(上海市反兴奋剂中心),上海200030

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2024年第2期143-150,共8页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：河南省高校人文社会科学项目“河南省大学生心理健康的急性身心干预及其作用机制”(2024-ZZJH-255);郑州轻工业大学博士科研基金“新冠疫情背景下大学生心理健康干预及机制”(2022BSJJSK12)。

摘　　要：目的:通过两项研究探讨运动员正念与心流的相关及因果关系,以及心理弹性在其中的作用。方法:研究1采用心理测量法调查了269名运动员;研究2采用2(干预条件)×2(时间点)的随机对照试验,将66名运动员随机分配到正念训练组和对照组(每组各33人),在训练前后分别进行心理测量。采用Bootstrap的方法对心理弹性的中介效应进行检验。结果:在研究1中,运动员正念水平、心理弹性与心流之间均呈显著正相关;心理弹性在正念水平与心流间起中介作用。在研究2中,正念训练组与对照组在前测的各项指标得分上差异均无统计学意义;与对照组相比,正念训练组运动员的正念水平、心理弹性和心流在训练后均有显著提高;心理弹性变化量显著中介了组别对心流的影响。结论:正念能显著预测运动员的心流;心理弹性在正念与心流的关系之间起中介作用。Objective:To explore the correlation and causality between mindfulness and flow of athletes through two studies,as well as the role of resilience.Methods:In study 1,269 athletes were recruited and measured with questionnaires.The 2(experimental con⁃ditions)×2(time)randomized controlled trial was used in study 2.66 athletes were recruited and randomly assigned into the mind⁃fulness training group(N=33)and the control group(N=33).The mediating effect of resilience was tested using the method of Bootstrap.Results:In study 1,mindfulness,resilience and flow were positively correlated with each other;Resilience mediated the re⁃lationship of mindfulness and flow.In study 2,there was no significant difference in the total scores of the pre-tested indicators be⁃tween mindfulness training group and control group.Compared with the control group,the subjects in the intervention group showed in⁃creased mindfulness level,resilience and flow;Resilience change significantly mediated the relationship of group and flow.Conclu⁃sion:Mindfulness can significantly predict athletes'flow;resilience mediates the relationship between mindfulness and flow.

关 键 词：正念 心理弹性 心流 中介作用 运动员 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]