我国船舶压舱水排放与浮游植物科学调查及灾害研究进展  

Progress in the study of vessel ballast water discharge and phytoplankton investigation and its disaster in China

作　　者：田雯 封振 蔡玲 边勇 王宇 沈博人 刘亚 朱彬 田玉军[5] 李涛[5] Tian Wen;Feng Zhen;Cai Ling;Bian Yong;Wang Yu;Shen Boren;Liu Ya;Zhu Bin;Tian Yujun;Li Tao(Animal,Plant and Food Inspection Center of Nanjing Customs District,Nanjing 210000,China;Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs;Jinling Customs House Technology Center;Jingjiang Customs House;Water Transport Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport)

机构地区：[1]南京海关动植物与食品检测中心,江苏南京210000 [2]中国海关科学技术研究中心 [3]金陵海关技术中心 [4]靖江海关 [5]交通运输部水运科学研究院

出　　处：《植物检疫》2024年第2期10-18,共9页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2017YFC1404602);南京海关科技项目(2021KJ42)。

摘　　要：随着改革开放外向型经济的发展,我国沿着海岸线建设了众多港口,港口规模居世界第一,压舱水输入与输出量均为全球前列。但是我国有关压舱水的研究与发达国家相比起步较晚,进出境船舶压舱水排放量统计不明确,压舱水携带外来物种研究工作未系统化开展。因此本文对我国港口压舱水排放现状进行统计,总结了我国压舱水中浮游植物的种类,分析了部分浮游植物导致的灾害现状,并对未来我国压舱水监管及携带外来生物的防控技术进行了探讨,为充分评估我国境内压舱水及沉积物大量排放带来外来生物入侵风险提供数据与理论基础。With the development of the export-oriented economy through reform and opening up,China has built many ports along the coastline,the port scale ranks first in the world,and the ballast water input and output are among the highest in the world.However,the research on ballast water in China started relatively late compared with that in developed countries,the statistics of ballast water discharge from inbound and outbound ships are not clear,and the research on alien species carried in ballast water has not been systematically carried out.Therefore,this paper makes statistics on the status quo of ballast water discharge in China's ports,summarizes phytoplankton species in ballast water in China,analyzes the status quo of disasters caused by some phytoplanton,and discusses the ballast water supervision and control technology of carrying non-indigenous organisms in China in the future.It provides data and theoretical basis for fully assessing the risk of non-indigenous organisms invasion caused by massive discharge of ballast water and sediment in China.

关 键 词：船舶压舱水 外来生物 浮游植物 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]