丹河流域(泽州段)不同水体水化学特征及水质评价  

Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality evaluation of different water bodies in Zezhou section of Danhe River Basin

作　　者：王勃兴 冯民权[1] WANG Boxing;FENG Minquan(State Key Laboratory of Ecological Water Conservancy in Northwest Arid Area,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi’an,710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学,西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安710048

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第3期974-986,共13页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51679191);晋城市水利科技项目(2022.12)资助。

摘　　要：为研究丹河流域不同水体水化学特征及水质现状,采用相关性分析、Piper三线图、氯碱指数及主要阴阳离子比值等多种水化学方法,对地表水、浅层水、深层水及泉水的水化学特征进行分析,并基于熵权-模糊综合评价法和Wilcox、USSL图解法进行水质评价,结果表明:(1)区内水体均呈弱碱性;TDS和F-浓度由上至下逐渐减小.(2)地表水和浅层水的水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)SO_(4)-Ca·Na;深层水和泉水主要为HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca;在地表水下渗过程中,阳离子倾向于由Ca-Na型向Ca型转变,阴离子倾向于由SO_(4)型向HCO_(3)型转变.(3)研究区水化学特征主要受岩石风化作用控制;水化学组分主要来源于硅酸盐岩溶解,且还存在蒸发盐岩溶解、碳酸盐岩溶解及阳离子交换作用.(4)水质评价结果显示,66.7%的浅层水、100%的深层水和泉水适合人体饮用;部分地表水的灌溉盐害风险较高.该研究明确了区内不同水体水化学特征及水质现状,结果可为水资源开发及保护提供有效依据.In order to study the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality status of different water bodies in Danhe River Basin,the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water,shallow groundwater,deep groundwater and spring water were analyzed by using various hydrochemical methods such as correlation analysis,Piter trilinear,chlor alkali index and the ratio of main cation and anion.The water quality was evaluated based on entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and Wilcox and USSL graphical methods.The results showed that:(1)The water bodies in the area were weakly alkaline;The concentrations of TDS and F-decreased gradually from top to bottom.(2)The hydrochemical types of surface water and shallow groundwater are mainly HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca;The deep groundwater and spring water are mainly HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca;In the process of surface water infiltration,cations tend to change from Ca-Na type to Ca type,and anions tend to change from SO_(4)type to HCO_(3)type.(3)The hydrochemical characteristics of the study area are mainly controlled by rock weathering;The hydrochemical components mainly come from the dissolution of silicate rocks,and there are also evaporation salt rock dissolution,carbonate rock dissolution and cation exchange.(4)The results of water quality evaluation show that 66.7%of shallow groundwater,100%of deep groundwater and spring water are suitable for human consumption;Some surface water has high risk of salt damage.The study clarified the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality status of different water bodies in the area,and the results can provide an effective basis for water resources development and protection.

关 键 词：水化学特征 水质评价 熵权-模糊综合评价法 丹河 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X52