优化施肥对鲜食型甘薯产量、养分利用及土壤性质的影响  

Effects of Optimal Fertilization on Yield,Nutrient Utilization and Soil Fertility of Edible Sweet Potato

作　　者：杨汉 黄志谋 瞿和平 柴沙沙[2] 黎雨薇 赵清纯 秦晓银 YANG Han;HUANG Zhimou;QU Heping;CHAI Shasha;LI Yuwei;ZHAO Qingchun;QIN Xiaoyin(Xianning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xianning,Hubei 437000;Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]咸宁市农业科学院,湖北咸宁437000 [2]湖北省农业科学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第8期63-67,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农渔光(林光)互补发电项目生态种植关键技术研究与示范(2021420120003603)。

摘　　要：为实现鲜食型甘薯提质增效,本试验以‘烟薯25’为供试品种,设置不施肥、习惯施肥、优化施肥、优化施肥+有机肥4个不同处理,研究不同施肥处理对土壤养分及‘烟薯25’的产量效应、干物质分配、氮磷钾吸收利用情况。结果表明:施肥措施可以有效提高土壤养分含量,优化施肥+有机肥处理显著提升‘烟薯25’的单薯重和鲜薯产量,促进生物产量向甘薯块根转运及干物质向块根分配,提高茎叶、块根及总生物量的氮、磷、钾积累量,且氮、钾的产块根效率和收获指数较习惯施肥均有显著性提高。To realize the promotion of quality and efficiency of edible sweet potato,‘Yanshu 25’was used as the test variety in the experiment.Four different treatments were set up:no fertilization,customary fertilization,optimized fertilization,optimized fertilization+organic fertilizer.We compared the effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nutrients,yields,dry matter distribution of‘Yanshu 25’,and absorption and utilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The results showed that:fertilization practices improved soil nutrients content effectively.Optimized fertilization+organic fertilizer treatment increased the single potato weight and fresh potato yields significantly of‘Yanshu 25’,promoted the transport of biological yields and dry matter allocation to sweet potato tuber,increased the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in stem leaf,tuber and total biomass.The tuber production efficiency of nitrogen and potassium and the harvest index were significantly improved compared with conventional fertilization.

关 键 词：提质增效 ‘烟薯25’ 优化施肥 土壤养分 氮磷钾 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]