犏牛、牦牛及黄牛骨骼肌转录特征的差异研究  

Differences research on the transcriptional characteristics of skeletal muscles among cattle-yak,yak and cattle

作　　者：刘海婷 王国文 彭巍[2] 舒适 付长其 黄荣[2] 徐尚荣[2] 张君[2] LIU Haiting;WANG Guowen;PENG Wei;SHU Shi;FU Changqi;HUANG Rong;XU Shangrong;ZHANG Jun(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2024年第2期18-27,共10页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：青海省科学技术厅项目(2021-ZJ-970Q)。

摘　　要：本文旨在利用RNA-seq技术对成年犏牛、牦牛及黄牛骨骼肌转录特征进行比较分析,筛选肌肉发育相关基因,并解析犏牛肌肉发育优势的原因。试验采集体况良好的成年犏牛、牦牛及黄牛肌肉组织,提取总RNA,使用Illumina HiSeqTM2000测序仪测序并进行生物信息学分析,筛选差异表达基因,利用qRT-PCR对差异表达基因进行验证。结果显示:牦牛与犏牛相比,共检测到682个DEGs,其中341个表达上调,341个表达下调;牦牛与黄牛相比,共检测到2461个DEGs,其中1277个表达上调,1184个表达下调;黄牛与犏牛相比,共检测到1386个DEGs,其中586个表达上调,800个表达下调。犏牛与亲本间的DEGs显著富集在黏着斑、ECM-受体互作、PI3K-Akt信号通路、肌动蛋白细胞骨架调节、氧化磷酸化、MAPK信号通路、代谢通路等信号通路;筛选到IGF-1、PIK3IP1、FGF10、FGF1、PIK3R1、CREB1、KLHL30等7个可能在犏牛肌肉生长发育中起关键作用的基因;同时,黄牛氧化磷酸化相关基因的表达显著高于牦牛和犏牛。因此,犏牛的快速生长可能与筛选的7个关键基因的差异表达相关,显著下调的氧化磷酸化相关基因可能与犏牛杂种优势相关。By adopting RNA-seq technology,the paper aims to compare and analyze the transcrip-tional characteristics of skeletal muscles among adult cattle-yak,yak and cattle to screen the genes related to muscle development and analyze the reasons for the advantages of muscle development of cattle-yak.The muscle tissue is collected from healthy adult cattle-yak,yak and cattle for extrac-ting total RNA.Sequencing is performed by using Illumina HiSeqTM2000 sequencer.Bioinformatics analysis is performed to screen differentially expressed genes(DEGs)which is validated by qRT PCR.The results show that compared with cattle-yak,682 DEGs are detected from yak,with 341 genes up-regulated and 341 genes down-regulated.Compared with cattle,a total of 2461 DEGs are detected from yak,among which 1277 genes are up-regulated and 1184 genes are down-regulated.Compared with cattle-yak,a total of 1386 DEGs are detected from cattle,among which 586 genes are up-regulated and 800 genes are down-regulated.The DEGs between cattle-yak and the parents are significantly enriched in focal adhesion,ECM-receptor interaction,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,actin cytoskeleton regulation,oxidative phosphorylation,MAPK signaling pathway,metabolic pathway and other signal pathways.Seven genes(IGF-1,PIK3IP1,FGF10,FGF1,PIK3R1,CREB1 and KLHL30)are identified that may play a key role in the muscle growth and de-velopment of cattle-yak.Meanwhile,the expression of the genes related to oxidative phosphorylation in cattle is significantly higher than that in yak and cattle-yak.Therefore,the rapid growth of cattle-yak may be related to the differential expression of the seven key genes screened.The significantly down-regulated genes related to oxidative phosphorylation may be related to yak heterosis.

关 键 词：骨骼肌 转录组 差异表达基因 犏牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]