中国城市科技创新效率测度、时空演进与差异分析  

The Measure,Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Difference Analysis of Technological Innovation Efficiency of Cities in China

作　　者：张翼 王艺萌 郑兴无[1] Zhang Yi;Wang Yimeng;Zheng Xingwu(College of Economics and Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学经济与管理学院,天津300300

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第5期1-13,共13页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：天津市高等学校人文社会科学研究一般项目“中小企业集聚与区域自主创新能力提升路径研究”(20112419)。

摘　　要：基于区域创新体系视角识别城市知识生产的研发要素投入和过程特征,构建我国281个城市2000—2021年城市研发要素投入与产出的科技创新数据集,使用随机前沿法(SFA)和数据包络法(DEA)二分类测算城市的科技创新效率,并比较测算结果的相对有效性,体现研发时滞的随机前沿结果具有代表性。以收敛分析检验创新效率的时序趋势,采用Dagum基尼系数计算区域差异。结果表明,我国城市创新效率具有明显的动态收敛特征,但收敛趋势存在地区差别,东部城市创新效率均衡化发展的水平明显高于西部和中部;与创新成果在区域内部趋于集聚对应,省域内高层级城市创新效率占优态势也在加强。由此得出效率改进是促进科学技术高质量发展的基本方式,持续完善区域创新体系,促进研发要素顺畅流动,实施创新资源区域均等化配置的促进政策,才能不断提升区域创新效率。Identifying R&D factor input and process characteristics of urban knowledge production on regional innovation system perspective,a technological innovation data set of 281 Chinese cities’R&D input and output from 2000 to 2021 is established to identify innovation heterogeneity characteristics such as R&D factors,innovation process,and time lag of knowledge production process.Using stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)and data envelopment analysis(DEA),the technological innovation efficiency of Chinese cities is systematically measured.The relative effectiveness is compared with various correlation coefficients,among which stochastic frontier result with time lag is representative.The time series trend of innovation efficiency is tested by convergence analysis,and regional differences are calculated by Dagum Gini coefficient.The results show that urban innovation efficiency has obvious dynamic convergence characteristics,but there are regional differences in convergence trend;eastern innovation efficiency is significantly higher than western and central area,together with the agglomeration trend of innovation achievements in these areas;the dominant trend of innovation efficiency in high-level cities is also strengthening.Efficiency improvement is the basic way to promote high-quality development of technology.It is highly recommended to continuously improve regional innovation system,promote R&D factors flow,implement the promotion policy of regional equal allocation of innovation resources,and continuously improve the regional innovation efficiency.

关 键 词：科技创新效率 区域创新体系 区域知识生产函数 研发要素 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济] F224.2[文化科学] G301