美国生物数据战略发展态势及启示  

Development Trends and Implications of the United States'Biological Data Strategy

作　　者：徐玄 于连超 任思源 Xu Xuan;Yu Lianchao;Ren Siyuan(National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2024年第5期40-46,共7页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项项目“生命科学领域标准参考数据资源调查及数据库构建”(2022FY101200)。

摘　　要：以美国生物数据战略为研究对象,全面梳理美国生物数据战略演进历程,掌握其基本发展规律与战略意图,分析美国生物数据战略实施过程中的关键举措和特点,并总结出对我国生物数据政策制定的经验与启示。研究显示,美国生物数据战略演进由最初对公民生物信息的保护,逐步扩展到服务公民医疗健康、提高生物安全管控力度、推动生物经济发展等多方面需求;美国生物数据战略实施的具体举措包括积极开展生物计量学等前沿领域研究、长期战略投入打造领先的生物数据基础设施、建立高效生物数据流通体系、构建生物数据安全保障制度4个方面。美国的生物数据战略制定经验为我国生物数据建设提供了如下启示,一是开展生物计量等前沿领域研究,构建技术保障体系;二是强化研究与建设经费支持力度,形成持续支持机制;三是加快建立生物数据治理体系,促进我国生物经济发展。Taking the U.S.biodata strategy as the research object,we comprehensively sort out the evolution process of the U.S.biodata strategy,grasp its basic development laws and strategic intents,analyze the key initiatives and characteristics in the implementation process of the U.S.biodata strategy,and summarize the experience and insights for the formulation of China's biodata policy.The study shows that the evolution of the U.S.biodata strategy has gradually expanded from the initial protection of citizens'biological information to serving citizens'medical and health levels,improving biosecurity control capabilities,promoting the development of the bioeconomy and other aspects of demand;the specific initiatives for the implementation of the U.S.biodata strategy include actively carrying out research in cutting-edge fields such as biometrics,making long-term strategic investments to build a leading biodata infrastructure,establishing an efficient biodata circulation system,and constructing a biodata security system in four aspects;the experience of the U.S.in formulating the biodata strategy provides the following insights for China's biodata construction:carry out research in cutting-edge fields such as biometrics to build a technical security system,strengthen financial support for research and construction to form a continuous support mechanism,and accelerate the establishment of a biodata governance system to promote China's bioeconomy development.

关 键 词：生物数据 生物经济 生物计量 数据安全 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学] G203