城市道路绿化形态对机动车尾气颗粒物扩散影响的对比观测研究  

Study on the Influence of Urban Road Greening Configurations on the Dispersion of Particulate Matter from Vehicle Exhausts with Comparative Observations

作　　者：孙小燕 解昕睿 赵路爽 张云伟[1] Sun Xiaoyan;Xie Xinrui;Zhao Lushuang;Zhang Yunwei(Department of Earth and Environmental Science,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Shaanxi,710049)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学地球环境科学系,陕西710049

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2024年第6期67-69,共3页Modern Chemical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“三维城市冠层模型上风场及污染物跨尺度扩散机理的数值模拟研究”(项目编号:41977182)。

摘　　要：为了分析城市道路边乔木、灌木及草的不同绿化配置形态对机动车尾气污染物扩散的影响特征,在西安市典型绿化路段对比观测了颗粒污染物浓度。结果显示,路边颗粒物浓度总体上随远离机动车道而减小,绿化良好路段降幅更大,说明路边绿化带对机动车尾气污染物的扩散有明显的阻碍作用;将道路绿化形态归纳为树-灌木-草、树-灌木、树-草、灌木、树五类,其中树-灌木-草绿化形态对不同粒径的颗粒物扩散都有显著影响,净化百分率都在6%左右;树和树-草这两种绿化形态对细颗粒物的消减效果更为显著,净化百分率最高可达10%以上;树-灌木绿化形态对粗颗粒物消减效果更佳,净化百分率在5%左右。To reveal the influence of urban road greening configurations(GC)on the dispersion of vehicle exhausts on the road side,comparative observations of particle matters(PM)concentrations were carried out on typical roads in Xi’an.Results showed that PM concentration decreased as away from the motorway,while that decreased more significantly at road sections with good greening installations,indicating an obviously blocking effect of green belt on the dispersion of vehicle exhausts.The road GCs were classified into five categories:tree-shrub-grass,tree-shrub,tree-grass,shrub and tree.The GC of tree-shrub-grass showed larger blocking effect on PM with different particle sizes,with the purification percentage(PP)was about 6%.The GCs of tree and tree-grass imposed more significant effects on the dispersion of fine particles,with the PP was more than 10%;while the GC of tree-shrub imposed larger effect on reducing coarse particles,with the PP of about 5%.

关 键 词：机动车尾气 颗粒物 道路绿化形态 空气污染 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]