河北省卢龙县2010-2020年哨点监测5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻病原学特征分析  

Pathogenic characteristics of viral diarrhea in children under five years of age in sentinel surveillance in Lulong County of Hebei Province,2010-2020

作　　者：赵文娜[1] 苏通[1] 刘莹莹[1] 于秋丽[1] 谢赟[1] 李琦[1] Zhao Wenna;Su Tong;Liu Yingying;Yu Qiuli;Xie Yun;Li Qi(Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2024年第3期347-352,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的分析河北省哨点监测<5岁儿童病毒性腹泻病原学特征,为儿童病毒性腹泻科学防控提供参考依据。方法收集2010-2020年河北省卢龙县哨点监测医院<5岁腹泻住院病例粪便标本。采用ELISA法检测轮状病毒抗原,轮状病毒分型采用半巢式两轮RT-PCR方法。杯状病毒检测及分型、星状病毒和肠道腺病毒检测均采用实时荧光定量PCR方法。采用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果共检测2925例粪便标本,病原总体阳性率为65.61%(1919/2925)。轮状病毒、杯状病毒、肠道腺病毒和星状病毒阳性率分别为42.80%(1252/2925)、22.12%(647/2925)、6.19%(181/2925)、3.56%(104/2925)。2010-2017年病毒性腹泻主要以轮状病毒感染为主(59.30%,1017/1715),2018-2020年以杯状病毒感染为主(53.43%,109/204)。轮状病毒阳性率峰值出现在冬季,以12~17月龄婴幼儿最高(52.96%,483/912)。轮状病毒阳性标本,G/P分型以G9P[8]型为主(58.31%,730/1252),其次为G3P[8]型(8.15%,102/1252)。杯状病毒以诺如病毒Ⅱ组为主,2011-2016年和2018年优势基因型分别为GⅡ.4[P31]型和GⅡ.3[P12]型。结论轮状病毒和杯状病毒是2010-2020年河北省卢龙县<5岁儿童病毒性腹泻的优势病原体,冬季为主要流行季节。Objective To analyze pathogenic characteristics of viral diarrhea in children aged<5 years in Hebei Province and provide reference for the prevention and control of viral diarrhea in children.Methods Stool samples were collected from in-patients with diarrhea under five years old from sentinel hospitals in Lulong County of Hebei between 2010 and 2020.ELISA detected rotavirus antigen,and then positive samples were genotyped by semi nested reverse transcription PCR of two rounds.Calicivirus,genotyping astrovirus,and adenovirus were detected by real-time fluorescence quantification PCR.The data were analyzed by using software SPSS 20.0.Results In 2925 detected stool samples,1919(65.61%)were positive.The positive rates of rotavirus,calicivirus,adenovirus,and astrovirus were 42.80%(1252/2925),22.12%(647/2925),6.19%(181/2925),3.56%(104/2925).Viral diarrhea was mainly caused by rotavirus infection,accounting for 59.30%(1017/1715)between 2010 and 2017,and by calicivirus infection accounting for 53.43%(109/204)between 2018 and 2020.The peak positive rate of rotavirus occurred in winter, with the highest rate in infants aged 12 to 17 months (52.96%,483/912). In therotavirus positive samples, G9P[8] was mainly detected strains (58.31%, 730/1 252), followed byG3P[8] (8.15%,102/1 252). The calicivirus-positive samples were mainly infected with norovirus GⅡ. Sequence analysis indicated that the main type was GⅡ.4 [P31] between 2011 and 2016 and GⅡ.3 [P12] in 2018. Conclusions Rotavirus and calicivirus were the main pathogens causing infantdiarrhea in children under five years old in Hebei from 2010 to 2020. Winter was the main epidemicseason.

关 键 词：病毒性腹泻 轮状病毒 杯状病毒 星状病毒 肠道腺病毒 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R446.5[医药卫生—临床医学]