老年人不健康生活方式与高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的关联研究  

Association between unhealthy lifestyles and hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia in old adults in China

作　　者：叶婷婷 邵英[2] 余彬 蔡长伟 冯传腾 贾鹏 杨淑娟 Ye Tingting;Shao Ying;Yu Bin;Cai Changwei;Feng Chuanteng;Jia Peng;Yang Shujuan(West China School of Public Health/The Fourth Hospital of West China,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming 650022,China;Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction,Sichuan University-the Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Chengdu 610207,China;School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Public Health,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China;International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University,Chengdu 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,成都610041 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心,昆明650022 [3]四川大学-香港理工大学灾后重建与管理学院,成都610207 [4]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430072 [5]武汉大学公共卫生学院,武汉430071 [6]武汉大学空间全生命周期健康国际研究中心,武汉430072 [7]成都大学附属医院,成都610081

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2024年第3期385-392,共8页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3604701);国家自然科学基金(42271433);四川省重点研发项目(2023YFS0251);四川大学-达州校市战略合作专项(2020CDDZ-26-SCU);武汉大学人民医院交叉创新人才项目(JCRCYG-2022-003);武汉大学学院国际化发展重点专项支持计划(WHU-GJZDZX-PT07)。

摘　　要：目的分析老年人不健康生活方式对高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常患病的影响及累积效应,并探索起关键作用的生活方式。方法基于2021年云南省行为与疾病监测队列的基线数据,选取年龄≥60岁的16763名老年人作为研究对象。不健康生活方式包括吸烟、饮酒、不健康饮食、低体力活动、BMI异常和腰围异常,并使用每个研究对象暴露的累积数量来计算不健康生活方式得分。采用多因素logistic回归模型以及混合图模型,分析不健康生活方式与高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常之间的关系。结果老年人的高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的患病率分别为57.0%、11.5%和37.0%。研究纳入的6种不健康生活方式大多数表现为高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的危险因素,患病风险随不健康生活方式数量的累积而上升。与无不健康生活方式者相比,同时具有6种不健康生活方式者,患高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的OR值分别为3.99(95%CI:1.81~8.80)、4.64(95%CI:1.64~13.15)和4.26(95%CI:2.08~8.73)。混合图模型构建的网络中腰围异常(桥强度=0.81)和高血压(桥强度=0.55)为连接不健康生活方式与高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的关键“桥接节点”。结论老年人的不健康生活方式得分越高,高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常患病风险越大,腰围异常是不健康生活方式中的关键因素。Objective To analyze the individual and cumulative effects of unhealthy lifestyle on the prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia in old adults in China,and find out the critical lifestyle in the network.Methods Based on the baseline data of Yunnan Behavior and Disease Surveillance Cohort in 2021,a total of 16763 older adults aged≥60 years were included in our study.The unhealthy lifestyle factors including smoking,drinking,unhealthy eating habit,lower physical activity level,abnormal BMI and abnormal waist circumference.We calculated the unhealthy lifestyle score by using the cumulative exposures of each participant.Multiple logistic regression and mixed graphical models were used to describe the association between unhealthy lifestyle and the prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia.Results The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia were 57.0%,11.5%and 37.0%,respectively.Most of the unhealthy lifestyles included in the study were risk factors for hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia,and the risks of disease increased with the increase of the unhealthy lifestyle score.The participants with the highest score(score:6)had significantly higher prevalence of hypertension(OR=3.99,95%CI:1.81-8.80),diabetes(OR=4.64,95%CI:1.64-13.15)and dyslipidemia(OR=4.26,95%CI:2.08-8.73)compared with those with lowest score(score:0).In the network constructed by mixed graphical model,abnormal waist circumference(bridge strength=0.81)and hypertension(bridge strength=0.55)were vital bridge nodes connecting unhealthy lifestyle and hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia.Conclusions The unhealthy lifestyle score was associated with risks for hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia.Abnormal waist circumference was the key factor for chronic diseases in old adults.

关 键 词：生活方式 高血压 糖尿病 血脂异常 网络分析 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]