乌江下游梯级水库浮游植物群落结构特征与多样性分析  

Structural Characteristics and Diversity Analysis of Phytoplankton Community in Two Cascade Reservoirs at the Lower Reaches of Wujiang River

作　　者：郑鑫 胡菊香[2] 黄海洲 吕克强 李嗣新[2] ZHENG Xin;HU Juxiang;HUANG Haizhou;LYU Keqiang;LI Sixin(Chongqing Datang International Wulong Hydropower Development Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 404100,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大唐国际武隆水电开发有限公司,重庆404100 [2]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2024年第1期75-80,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目(U21A200);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42007433);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51779158)。

摘　　要：2021年9月,结合水文情势、生物分布特征及生境等实际情况,设置8个监测断面,调查乌江下游彭水和银盘2个梯级水电站影响区域内的浮游植物落结构特征及多样性,探讨乌江下游梯级电站对浮游植物群落结构的影响。本次调查采集到浮游植物6门37属51种,硅藻门占浮游植物总种类数的60.8%,浮游植物平均密度为4.1×106cells/L,平均生物量为0.792 mg/L。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数范围为1.63~2.84,Margalef丰富度指数范围为3.08~5.41。乌江下游银盘和彭水电站影响区域主要以硅藻门为主,浮游植物群落空间分布差异较大,库尾及以上急流区域的浮游植物多样性指数比库区缓流段高。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数分析表明,蓄水后适应流水环境的浮游植物种类数变少。与蓄水前对比发现,蓄水后浮游植物种类数和生物多样性均有所降低,梯级电站建设在一定程度上降低了库区浮游植物的多样性。Characteristics and diversity of phytoplankton community structure were investigated at 8 monitoring sections of the lower reaches of Wujiang River affected by two cascade hydropower stations Pengshui and Yinpan in September 2021,based on the actual hydrological situation,biological distribution characteristics and habitats.The influence of cascade power stations on phytoplankton community structure in the lower reaches of the Wujiang River was discussed.Phytoplankton species collected from the survey were included 51 species,37 genera,6 phyla,and diatoms accounted for 60.8% of the total phytoplankton species.The average density of phytoplankton was 4.1 × 106cells/L with average biomass of 0.792 mg/L.The range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index was 1.63-2.84 and 3.08-5.41,respectively.Phytoplankton species in the lower reaches of the Wujiang River affected by Yinpan and Pengshui hydropower stations were mainly diatoms.The spatial distribution of phytoplankton community was quite different.The phytoplankton diversity indexes in the front of the reservoirs and the flowing water areas were higher than those in the reservoirs.Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index analysis showed that the species number of phytoplankton adapted to flowing water environment was fewer after reservoir impoundment.Compared with the studies conducted before impoundment,it was found that phytoplankton species number decreased after impoundment,and cascade hydropower stations construction generally reduced phytoplankton biodiversity in the reservoir to some extent.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 多样性 水库 乌江 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源]