ENSO事件下西北太平洋远东拟沙丁鱼和日本鲭栖息地协同变化特征  

Exhibit covariation characteristics in the habitat changes of Sardinops melanostictus and Scomber japonicus in the northwestern Pacific Ocean under ENSO event

作　　者：刘思源 张衡[2] 杨超 方舟[1,3,4,5,6] Liu Siyuan;Zhang Heng;Yang Chao;Fang Zhou(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Shanghai 200090,China;The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration,Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources,Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [5]农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306 [6]农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋学报》2024年第1期39-52,共14页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(42306117);上海市自然科学基金项目(18ZR1449800);农业部外海渔业开发重点实验室开放课题项目(LOF 2021-01)。

摘　　要：远东拟沙丁鱼(Sardinops melanostictus)和日本鲭(Scomber japonicus)是西北太平洋海域重要的关联经济物种,探究二者栖息地变动的关联性有利于合理开发和管理渔业资源。本研究利用2017−2021年6−11月西北太平洋海域远东拟沙丁鱼和日本鲭的渔业数据,结合海表面温度、海表面高度和叶绿素a质量浓度3个关键环境变量分别构建不同权重的栖息地模型,并利用2021年的渔业数据进行验证。选取最优模型预测不同厄尔尼诺与南方涛动(El Niño-Southern Oscillation,ENSO)事件下远东拟沙丁鱼和日本鲭的最适栖息地分布,分析二者在不同ENSO事件下最适栖息地时空分布的差异性和同步性。结果表明:在不同ENSO事件下远东拟沙丁鱼适宜生境面积(高于15%)均高于日本鲭适宜生境面积(低于6%);但远东拟沙丁鱼在拉尼娜事件下最适栖息地面积增长率高于厄尔尼诺事件,前者增长率为0.197,后者增长率为0.123,相反,日本鲭在拉尼娜事件下增长率低于厄尔尼诺事件,前者增长率为1.114,后者增长率为2.082;当远东拟沙丁鱼和日本鲭的分布位置接近时,会促进二者栖息地的适宜条件,当二者分布位置相距较远时会一定程度上抑制日本鲭栖息地面积的增加。远东拟沙丁鱼和日本鲭适宜面积在不同ENSO事件下协同变化特征可能与二者种间关系(竞争/捕食−被捕食)和西北太平洋海域海流分布情况有关。The Sardinops melanostictus and the Scomber japonicus are important economic species in the northwestn Pacific Ocean,and exploring the correlation between their habitat changes is conducive to the rational development and management of fishery resources.This study utilizes fishery data of Sardinops melanostictus and Scomber japonicus in the northwestern Pacific Ocean from June to November between 2017 and 2021.By incorporating three key environmental variables,namely sea surface temperature,sea surface height,and chlorophyll a mass concentration,habitat models with different weights are constructed.The models are then validated using fishery data from 2021.The optimal models are selected to predict the most suitable habitat distribution of Sardinops melanostictus and Scomber japonicus under different El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)events.The study analyzes the differences and synchronicity in the spatial and temporal distribution of the most suitable habitat between the two species under different ENSO events.The results indicate that the suitable habitat area of Sardinops melanostictus(above 15%)was higher than that of Scomber japonicus(less than 6%)under different ENSO events;however,the growth rate of the most suitable habitat area for Sardinops melanostictus under La Niña events is higher than that of El Niño events.The former has a growth rate of 0.197 and the latter has a growth rate of 0.123,on the contrary,the growth rate of Scomber japonicus under the La Niña event is lower than that of El Niño event,the former has a growth rate of 1.114 and the latter has a growth rate of 2.082;additionally,when the distribution locations of Sardinops melanostictus and Scomber japonicus are close to each other,it promotes favorable conditions for their habitats.On the other hand,when the distribution locations are far apart,it somewhat inhibits the increase in the suitable habitat area for Scomber japonicus.The co-variation of suitable habitat areas for Sardinops melanostictus and Scomber japonicus under differe

关 键 词：远东拟沙丁鱼 日本鲭 西北太平洋 厄尔尼诺 拉尼娜 栖息地 

分 类 号：P722[天文地球—海洋科学] P714.5[农业科学—渔业资源] S931[农业科学—水产科学]