基于Rpath的崇明岛周边海域生态系统结构和特征研究  

Research on the structure and characteristics of Chongming Island adjacent waters ecosystem based on Rpath

作　　者：王文 赵修江 丁玲 韩东燕 陈锦辉 吴建辉 Wang Wen;Zhao Xiujiang;Ding Ling;Han Dongyan;Chen Jinhui;Wu Jianhui(School of Ocean Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;China Three Gorges Group Co.Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;Shanghai Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200126,China;Joint Laboratory for Monitoring and Protection of Aquatic Organisms in the Yangtze River Estuary,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Aquatic Wildlife Conservation and Research Center,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司,湖北武汉430010 [3]上海勘测设计研究院有限公司,上海200126 [4]长江口水生生物监测与保护联合实验室,上海201306 [5]上海市水生野生动植物保护研究中心,上海200092

出　　处：《海洋学报》2024年第1期121-130,共10页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41906074);上海市科委地方院校能力建设项目(21010502200);上海市农委科技兴农技术创新项目(沪农科创字2022第2-1号)。

摘　　要：本研究根据2020年11月,2021年1月、4月及8月在崇明岛周边海域的渔业调查数据,使用开源程序Rpath构建了包括22个功能群的物质平衡模型,对该海域生态系统结构和特征进行研究。结果表明:崇明岛周边海域生态系统各功能群营养级范围为1~4.32。小型底栖生物的生态转换效率最低(0.01),说明其到高营养级的能量转换存在瓶颈,是影响该海域底层食物链营养传递效率的关键节点。生态系统总体特征分析表明,该生态系统总规模为2909.42 t/(km^(2)·a),低于附近海域生态系统规模。浮游植物对生态系统总初级生产力的贡献为60%,是该生态系统的主要营养来源。生态系统总初级生产量/总呼吸量为1.99、系统杂食性指数为0.18,表明生态系统成熟度较低,食物网简单,受干扰后恢复能力较差。模型敏感性分析表明,功能群生物量是影响模型输出准确程度的主要指标。本研究结果可以为该海域生态系统水平的禁捕效果评估工作提供基准参考。Based on the comprehensive fishery survey in the Chongming Island adjacent waters in November 2020,January 2021,April 2021,and August 2021,we used an open-source program Rpath to build a mass balance model containing 22 functional groups for this area.The ecosystem structure and characteristics in this sea area were then studied.Results showed that the trophic level for these 18 functional groups ranged from 1 to 4.32,with the highest trophic level of bottom carnivorous fish.The ecological transfer efficiency of small benthic organisms is the lowest(0.01),suggesting a bottleneck in their energy transfer to higher trophic levels and indicated it was the bottleneck to limit the energy transfer in the benthic food chain.The analysis of the overall characteristics of the ecosystem shows that the total system throughput of the Chongming Island adjacent waters ecosystem was 2909.42 t/(km^(2)·a),which was lower than that of the nearby marine ecosystem.Phytoplankton contributes 60%of the energy to the total primary productivity of the ecosystem and was the main nutrient source of this ecosystem.The total primary production/total respiration is 1.99 and the system omnivorous index is 0.18.This indicate that the Chongming Island adjacent waters ecosystem has low maturity,simple trophic interaction,and low recovery ability after disturbance.Sensitivity analysis showed that functional group biomass was the main index that affected the accuracy of ecosystem model output.The results of this study can provide a reference for the evaluation of the effect of the Changjiang River fishing ban.

关 键 词：崇明岛周边海域 物质平衡模型 Rpath 生态系统结构 

分 类 号：P714.5[天文地球—海洋科学] S391.1[农业科学—农艺学]