《奥德赛》中的主客伦理关系  

The Host-Guest Ethical Relationship in Odyssey

作　　者：张杰 Zhang Jie(School of Literature,Hainan Normal University,Haikou,Hainan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学文学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《外国文学》2024年第2期139-151,共13页Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“当代西方批评中的‘移动性’理论与实践研究”(18XZW004)

摘　　要：尽管古希腊语中的“客人”有主客两义,暗含紧张对立关系,“客谊”却是荷马史诗人物普遍接受的信念,是神圣的,且受到宙斯的保护。漂泊的奥德修斯是否能够处理好主客关系,关系到他能否顺利归返家园。而对列维纳斯与德里达而言,好客是他们对西方哲学与复杂社会现实深入反思的切入点。两位哲人对有条件好客与无条件好客、他者、礼物等问题的哲学探讨可激发对荷马史诗好客伦理的当代思考,而追求知识和智慧的哲学英雄奥德修斯则需重新面对严惩求婚人的伦理尴尬。Although the word Xenos in ancient Greek contains dualistic meanings of both host and guest,implying a sort of tension between each other,xenia remains sacred in Homer's epic.It is protected by Zeus and accepted by the characters in the Epic.Whether the wandering Odysseus handles the host-guest relationship well is crucial to his return to Ithaca.For Levinas and Derrida,hospitality is an important entry point to reflection on Western philosophy and complicated social reality.Their philosophical discussions on conditional and unconditional hospitality,the Other and gift can stimulate contemporary responses to Homer's hospitality ethics.Meanwhile,the philosophical hero Odysseus who pursues knowledge and wisdom has to face the ethical embarrassment of his severe punishment of all the suitors.

关 键 词：好客 客谊赠礼 奥德修斯 

分 类 号：I545[文学—其他各国文学]