清代圣训与敕修皇帝的思想观念——基于《政治典训》与《清圣祖圣训》的考察  

Imperial Edicts of the Qing Dynasty and the Thought of Emperors Who Ordered to Compile Them--A Research Based on the ZHENGZHI DIANXUN and QINGSHENGZU SHENGXUN

作　　者：郭康松[1] 姜鸥迅 Guo Kangsong;Jiang Ouxun

机构地区：[1]湖北大学文学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《史学史研究》2024年第1期21-31,共11页Journal of Historiography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“清代御制文献与国家治理研究”(项目编号:18BZS078)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：一般认为,圣训体现的是颁发谕旨的皇帝的思想与观念。康熙敕修按圣训体例选编自己谕旨的《政治典训》和雍正主持编纂的《清圣祖圣训》的差异,为考察圣训体现的是颁发谕旨皇帝还是敕修皇帝的思想观念提供了很好的范本。康熙在位时《政治典训》已形成了完善的稿本,没有颁行。雍正即位后敕令继续编纂,但最终没有颁布该书,而是依照惯例,另起炉灶,敕修《清圣祖圣训》。《政治典训》与《清圣祖圣训》均选录康熙谕旨,体例相近、类目多有相似之处,皆以宣扬康熙圣治、训谕臣民、垂范后世为目的。其差异主要是在内容上,《清圣祖圣训》收录的是雍正皇帝认同的康熙皇帝谕旨,删去了《政治典训》中与其治国理念相冲突和对自己不利的内容,能适应雍正治国的需要。不仅是《清圣祖圣训》,清代的圣训都融入了敕修皇帝的思想观念。It is generally believed that imperial edicts reflects the thought of the emperor who issued the decree.The difference between Kangxi Emperor's ZHENGZHI DIANXUN,which was selected by himself and QINGSHENGZU SHENGXUN which was compiled according to Yongzheng Emperor'edict provides a good model for investigating imperial edicts reflects whose thought.When Kangxi Emperor was in power,ZHENGZHI DIANXUN had already formed a perfect manuscript but not issued yet.After Yongzheng Emperor ascended the throne,he ordered to continue compiling the book which didn't publish at the end,but he started a new task and compiled QINGSHENGZU SHENGXUN.The Two books both selects and records the edicts of Kangxi,with similar styles and categories and their aims to promote Kangxi Emperor's holy rule,educate his subjects,and set an example to later generations.The differences are mainly in content.QINGSHENGZU SHENGXUN collects the imperial edicts of Kangxi Emperor approved by Emperor Yongzheng,and deletes the edicts of ZHENGZHI DIANXUN which conflict with Yongzheng Emperor's ideas and are unfavorable to him,which could meet the needs of Yongzheng Emperor.Besides QINGSHENGZU SHENGXUN,all the other imperial edicts in the Qing Dynasty incorporat the ideas of the emperors who ordered to compile them.

关 键 词：《清圣祖圣训》 《政治典训》 清代圣训 治国理念 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]