论中日韩三国在北极范围内的博弈与合作  

The Discussion on the Game and Cooperation between China,Japan and South Korea in the Arctic

作　　者：齐冠钧 白光裕[1] 刘娅 QI Guanjun;BAI Guangyu;LIU Ya(Research Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation,Ministry of Commerce,Beijing,100710)

机构地区：[1]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,北京100710

出　　处：《东北亚经济研究》2024年第2期59-68,共10页Northeast Asia Economic Research

摘　　要：近年来,受全球变暖的影响,北极冰川加速融化,进而改变了区域内外的国际关系。中日韩三国为争取未来可能浮现的北极航运利益,以及北极丰富的石油、天然气等自然资源,纷纷设法进入此一区域。三国同时探取多边和双边外交,意图强化在北极的影响力。目前为止,三国的北极政策各自为政,甚至相互竞争,很容易产生利益冲突;北极重要的战略地位,也易引起军事紧张。事实上,三国在北极有共同的利益,这些共同利益亦有可能促成三国间的合作。因此,从地缘政治的角度,论述中日韩三国对北极冰融的应对,及评估对三国关系的影响。首先要从宏观的层面探讨全球变暖对北极环境的影响,及此影响引起的地缘政治变化;其次分析北极新航线出现,对全球及中日韩三国海上贸易的影响;第三探讨能源需求强烈的三国对于北极资源获取所采取的行动;最后分析三国在北极议题上合作的可能路径。In recent years,due to the influence of global warming,the melting of Arctic glaciers has accelerated,thus changing the international relations within and outside the region.China,Japan and South Korea have tried to enter the region for the shipping interests in the Arctic that may emerge in the future,as well as rich oil,natural gas and other natural resources.The three countries are exploring both multilateral and bilateral diplomacy to strengthen their influence in the Arctic.So far,the Arctic policies of the three countries have been independent and even competitive,which easily result in conflicts of interest,and the important strategic position of the Arctic also causes military tensions.In fact,the three countries have common interests in the Arctic,and they may also contribute to cooperation among the three countries.Therefore,from the perspective of geopolitics,this paper discusses the response of China,Japan and South Korea to the Arctic ice melting and evaluate the impact on the trilateral relations.Firstly,from the macro level,it is necessary to discuss the impact of global warming on the Arctic environment and the geopolitical changes;Secondly,it discusses the influence of the emergence of new Arctic shipping routes on the global and maritime trade between China,Japan and South Korea;Thirdly,it discusses the actions of the three countries with strong energy demand for the Arctic resources;Finally,it discusses the possible path of cooperation among the three countries on the Arctic issues.

关 键 词：全球变暖 北极航线 联合国海洋法公约 

分 类 号：F742[经济管理—国际贸易]