深沟覆膜对甜糯玉米采收期及产量的影响  

Effects of Deep Ditch Mulching on Harvesting Time and Yield of Sweet-waxy Maize

作　　者：杜如珊 卢保红 王志虹 马海林 DU Rushan;LU Baohong;WANG Zhihong;MA Hailin(Maize Research Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University,Xinzhou,Shanxi 034000)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学玉米研究所,山西忻州034000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第7期1-7,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“甜糯玉米新品种及其深沟覆膜早播早收栽培技术研究与示范应用”(YDZJSX2021C019);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“利用单倍体创新甜加糯型玉米种质及应用研究”(YDZJSX2021A030);山西农业大学杂粮研究院“甜糯玉米等杂粮深沟覆膜技术研究与集成”(ZL20210701);山西省现代农业产业体系玉米体系“早熟玉米种质创新及新品种选育”(YMGW202204)。

摘　　要：为延长鲜穗消费周期和甜糯玉米企业加工期,结合山西忻州当地种植习惯,试验集覆膜、沟垄作、宽窄行为一体的深沟覆膜播种方式,通过与当地使用最广泛的膜侧播种、膜上播种和裸地平作对比,得出以下结论。深沟覆膜形成了小温室,4月可提高土壤温度13.7%~22.4%,促进玉米早发快长,在玉米生长前期干物质积累显著高于其他播种方式,最终产量与其他播种方式无显著差异,但明显缩短了生育期,甜糯玉米采收时间可提前4~19 d,实现早播早收。In order to extend the consumption cycle of fresh ears and the processing period of sweet-waxy corn enterprises,combined with the local planting habits in Xinzhou,Shanxi,a deep furrow mulching sowing method that integrates film mulching,furrow and ridge cultivation,and wide and narrow row was tested.By comparing it with the most widely used film side sowing,film top sowing,and bare land flat planting in local area,the following conclusions were drawn.Deep furrow film mulching formed a small greenhouse,which could increase the soil temperature by 13.73%-21.88%in April,and the higher accumulated temperature could promote the germination and growth of maize.The dry matter accumulation was significantly higher than that of other treatments in the early stage of maize growth.The final yield had no significant difference from other treatments,but the growth period was significantly shortened.The harvest time of sweet-waxy corn can be 4 to 19 days ahead of the schedule,so as to achieve early sowing and early harvest.

关 键 词：甜糯玉米 深沟覆膜 生育期 早播早收 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]