绿洲对消减下风向沙尘暴的生态服务价值——以景电灌区绿洲农田及防护林为例  

Ecological Service Value of Oasis for Reducing Downwind Sandstorm:A Case Study of Oasis Farmland and Protective Forest in Jingdian Irrigation Area

作　　者：张景辉 董志洋 刘斌 ZHANG Jinghui;DONG Zhiyang;LIU Bin(Jingtaichuan Electric Power Irrigation Water Resource Utilization Center in Gansu Province,Jingtai,Gansu 730499)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省景泰川电力提灌水资源利用中心,甘肃景泰730499

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第7期86-92,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划项目“景电高扬程提灌工程生态功能价值及其补偿机制研究”(18YF1FA028);国家自然科学基金面目项目“沙漠、戈壁光伏产业防沙治沙的生态效应”(41671528)。

摘　　要：沙尘暴是中国西北广大沙区农业生产的主要自然灾害之一。为揭示绿洲农田及防护林消减下风向沙尘暴的生态功能即生态服务价值,以甘肃景泰川灌区为例,运用距离余弦公式分析了绿洲生态要素对消减下风向地区沙尘暴的生态服务价值。结果表明,农田、防护林、草地和湿地、渠道在灌区内部的生态服务总价值为62253.0×10^(4)元,在下风向200 km范围内,绿洲农田、防护林、草地和湿地消减下风向区域沙尘暴的生态服务价值仅为各生态要素在灌区内防风固沙内部生态服务价值的16.1%。因沙尘暴的传输特征,农田防护林防御沙尘暴的生态服务价值的传递距离远大于下风向防风和保护地表风蚀的距离;距离余弦公式可较好地表达绿洲农田防护林消减下风向地区沙尘暴的生态服务价值,随着距离的增大和与主风向夹角的增大,消减下风向沙尘暴的生态服务价值逐渐减小。沙尘暴的边界模糊,下风向区域的最大距离是有待进一步探讨的问题。Sandstorm is one of the main natural disasters in agricultural production in the vast sandy areas of northwest China.To reveal the ecological function(ecological service value)of oasis farmland and shelterbelt in reducing downwind sandstorms,the paper took Jingtaichuan Irrigation District in Gansu Province as an example,and used the distance cosine formula to analyze the ecological service value of oasis ecological elements to reduce sandstorms in the downwind area.The results showed that the total ecological service value of farmland,shelterbelt,grassland,wetland and canal in the irrigation area was 62253.0×10^(4) yuan,within a range of 200 km in the downwind direction,the ecological service value of oasis farmland,shelterbelt,grassland and wetland in reducing downwind sandstorms was only 16.1%of the internal ecological service value of various ecological elements in the irrigation area.Due to the transmission characteristics of sandstorm,the transmission distance of ecological service value of farmland shelterbelt against sandstorm is much greater than that of windbreak and surface wind erosion protection.The distance cosine formula can better express the ecological service value of oasis farmland shelterbelt in reducing downwind sandstorm,with the increase of the distance and the increase of the angle with the main wind direction,the ecological service value of reducing the downwind sandstorm gradually decreases.The boundary of a sandstorm is blurry,and the maximum distance in the downwind area is an issue that needs further exploration.

关 键 词：绿洲 下风向 沙尘暴 距离余弦公式 生态服务价值 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学] F205