不同磷水平设施菜田上结球生菜的适宜施磷量推荐研究  

Recommendation of Appropriate Phosphorus Application Rate for Lettuce in Vegetable Fields with Different Phosphorus Levels

作　　者：刘瑜 闫实 赵凯丽 于跃跃 韩宝 张静 郭宁 LIU Yu;YAN Shi;ZHAO Kaili;YU Yueyue;HAN Bao;ZHANG Jing;GUO Ning(Beijing Cultivated Land Construction and Protection Center,Beijing 100101;Planting Technology Promotion Station of Fangshan District,Beijing 102401;Shunyi District Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Beijing,Beijing 101399)

机构地区：[1]北京市耕地建设保护中心,北京100101 [2]房山区种植业技术推广站,北京102401 [3]北京市顺义区农业科学研究所,北京101399

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第9期55-59,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系北京市设施蔬菜创新团队(BAIC01-2022)。

摘　　要：以结球生菜为试材,采用小区试验对比的方法,研究了高中低3种磷水平设施菜田上,不同施磷量对产量、品质、土壤有效磷含量和磷素农学效率的影响。结果表明:高磷菜田上,施磷量(P_(2)O_(5))为36.54 kg/hm^(2)时结球生菜产量最高;中磷菜田上施磷量(P_(2)O_(5))54.91 kg/hm^(2)时结球生菜产量最高,硝酸盐含量较低,维生素C含量增加,土壤有效磷含量显著提高;低磷菜田上施磷量(P2O5)91.35 kg/hm^(2)时结球生菜产量最高,硝酸盐含量降低。土壤磷含量和施磷量增加,均会造成磷肥农学效率降低。因此,高磷菜田上不施磷肥或少施磷肥,中磷菜田配施中水平磷肥,低磷菜田配施高水平磷肥是提高结球生菜产量、品质和磷肥农学效率的有效措施。In this study,lettuce was used as experimental material,the effects of different phosphorus application rates on yield,quality,soil available phosphorus content and agronomic efficiency of vegetable fields with high,middle and low phosphorus levels were studied by using the method of plot experiment.The results showed that the yield of lettuce of high phosphorus vegetable fields was the highest when the phosphorus application rate(P_(2)O_(5))was 36.54 kg/hm^(2).When 54.91 kg/hm^(2) phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))was applied on medium phosphorus vegetable field,the yield of lettuce was the highest,the content of nitrate was lower,the content of vitamin C increased,and the content of soil available P was significantly increased.When 91.35 kg/hm^(2) phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))was applied on low phosphorus vegetable field,the yield of lettuce was the highest and the content of nitrate was decreased.The agronomic efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer decreased with the increase of soil phosphorus content and phosphorus application amount.Therefore,applying no phosphate fertilizer or little phosphate fertilizer on high phosphorus vegetable fields,combining medium phosphorus vegetable fields with medium phosphate fertilizer,and low phosphorus vegetable fields with high phosphate fertilizer were effective measures to improve the yield,quality and agronomic efficiency of nodular lettuce.

关 键 词：磷 设施菜田 结球生菜 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S143.2[农业科学—肥料学]