植物发酵剂对育肥羔羊消化性能和瘤胃菌群结构的影响  

Effects of plant fermentation liquid on digestive performance and rumen microbiota structure of fattening lambs

作　　者：李永亮[1] 宋连杰 赵心念 苏东遥 董晴 吴丽卿[3] 张会文 高玉红[1] LI Yong-liang;SONG Lian-jie;ZHAO Xin-nian;SU Dong-yao;DONG Qing;WU Li-qing;ZHANG Hui-wen;GAO Yu-hong

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学,河北保定071000 [2]承德市农林科学院,河北承德067000 [3]河北省畜牧良种工作站,河北石家庄050000 [4]承德市兽药管理站,河北承德067000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第5期7-11,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：河北省羊产业体系(项目编号:HBCT2023200403、HBCT2023200202);河北省重点研发项目(项目编号:22326603D)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饮水中添加植物发酵剂对育肥羔羊消化性能和瘤胃菌群结构的影响。选择90只3月龄小尾寒羊,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复6只羔羊。按照不同植物发酵剂∶饮用水的比例,设低剂量组(1∶1 000,T1组)和高剂量组(1∶500,T2组),另设不添加发酵剂的对照组(C组)。试验期120 d。结果显示,与C组相比,T2组羔羊的平均日增重显著增加(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05);T1组和T2组羔羊对粗蛋白、粗脂肪和中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率极显著升高(P<0.01),T2组羔羊的瘤胃纤维素酶、脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶活性显著升高(P<0.05)。与C组相比,植物发酵剂组瘤胃OTU数目,PD_whole_tree指数和Shannon指数均有提高趋势;T2组瘤胃厚壁菌门的相对丰度明显增加,拟杆菌门的相对丰度明显降低;T1组的优势菌理研菌科RC9肠道群的相对丰度明显升高,T2组非优势菌鼠李属的相对丰度明显增加。研究表明,饮水中添加植物发酵剂(1∶500)有效改善了羔羊的消化性能和瘤胃微生物结构。The purpose of this study was to study the effects of plant fermentation liquid added to drinking water on the digestive performance and rumen microbiota structure of fattening lambs.A total of 90 three-month-old small-tailed Han sheep were randomly divided into three groups,with five replicates in each group and six lambs in each replicate.According to the ratio of different plant fermentation liquid to drinking water,a low-dose group(1∶1 000,group T1) and a high-dose group(1∶500,group T2) were set up,and a control group(group C) without fermentation liquid was set up.The experimental period was 120 days.The results showed that compared with the group C,the average daily weight gain of lambs in the group T2 increased significantly(P<0.05),and the feed-to-weight ratio decreased significantly(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of crude protein,crude fat,and neutral detergent fiber was extremely increased in the group T1and group T2(P<0.01),and the activities of rumen cellulase,lipase,and α-amylase in the group T2 were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the group C,the number of rumen OTUs,PD_whole_tree index,and Shannon index in the plant fermentation liquid group all increased,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the rumen phylum increased significantly in the group T2,and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased significantly.The relative abundance of the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group in the group T1 was significantly increased,and the relative abundance of the nondominant bacterium Muribaculaceae in the group T2 was significantly increased.The study indicates that adding of plant fermentation liquid(1∶500) to drinking water can effectively improve the digestive performance and rumen microbial structure of lambs.

关 键 词：植物发酵剂 育肥羔羊 消化性能 瘤胃 微生物 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]