基于飞机观测的华北降水云系上升气流区微结构研究  

Microstructure Study of the Updraft Zone of a Precipitation Cloud System in North China Based on Aircraft Observation

作　　者：王心怡 牛生杰[1,2] 吕晶晶 王元[1] 靳雨晨[1] 邬昊鹏 WANG Xinyi;NIU Shengjie;LÜJingjing;WANG Yuan;JIN Yuchen;WU Haopeng(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory for Aerosol–Cloud–Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044;College of Safety Science and Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816;Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions,Yinchuan 750002)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,南京210044 [2]南京工业大学安全科学与工程学院,南京211816 [3]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,银川750002

出　　处：《大气科学》2024年第2期431-444,共14页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目2018YFC1507905;国家自然科学基金面上项目42075063、42075066、41675136;广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB20159013)。

摘　　要：上升气流是成云致雨的基本条件之一。本文利用河北省2017年5月一次层积混合云的机载云物理探测系统测量资料,研究了云中上升气流速度分布,云微结构特征以及二者的相关性。结果表明:云中上升气流速度随高度呈抛物线型分布,云底部较小(0.75±0.52 m s^(−1)),云中部最大(3.64±2 m s^(−1)),云顶部最小(0.32±0.29 m s^(−1));发现随高度增加,云中上升气流区内冰粒子形状依次以片状、针状、柱状为主;暖云上升气流区中,上升气流速度与液态含水量正相关,相关系数为0.61;强垂直气流条件下云滴数浓度、最大云滴尺度大于弱垂直气流相应的数值,强垂直气流云粒子谱更符合Г函数分布。Updraft is a precondition for a cloud formation to cause precipitation.The vertical velocity distribution,cloud microstructure characteristics,and their correlation were analyzed based on airborne cloud physical detection system observations of a stratocumulus cloud in Hebei Province in May 2017.The results indicate that the updraft velocity in the cloud has a parabolic distribution with height:low at the cloud bottom(0.75±0.52 m s^(−1)),highest in the middle(3.64±2 m s^(−1)),and lowest at the cloud top(0.32±0.29 m s^(−1)).Additionally,with increasing height,the ice particles in the updraft area of the cloud are mainly sheet-,needle-,and column-shaped.The updraft velocity in the warm cloud updraft region and liquid water content are positively correlated,and the correlation coefficient is 0.61.Compared with the weak updraft condition,the stronger vertical airflow tends to form higher cloud droplet number concentrations and larger cloud drop diameters.The cloud droplet size mainly follows theГfunction distribution.

关 键 词：降水云系 飞机观测 上升气流区 云微物理结构 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]