基于哨兵2号与面深模型的小清河水深反演方法研究  

Research on Water Depth Inversion Method of Xiaoqing River Based on Sentinel-2 and Surface Depth Model

作　　者：曾雪涛 张艳军[1] 宋圆馨 王逸凡 刘鑫宇 ZENG Xue-tao;ZHANG Yan-jun;SONG Yuan-xin;WANG Yi-fan;LIU Xin-yu(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第4期7-14,共8页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：水利卫星星座运控与运用关键技术(SKS-2022164);长江电力水利卫星星座建设咨询(2423211005)。

摘　　要：利用卫星遥感技术反演水深是快速获取广域水深信息的重要手段。然而,水体中底质、广泛存在的泥沙等悬浮物质、叶绿素等水色影响物质导致传统光学卫星影像反演精度较低。为减小水色物质对水深反演精度的影响,基于数学模型与哨兵2号遥感影像,在分析不同断面类型河道水深与水面面积数学模型的基础上,提出了一种能够克服水色物质影响的水深反演方法。该方法通过对河道断面进行概化并分类,推导出河道面深模型,结合哨兵2号遥感影像确定数学模型中相关参数,得出可直接通过水面面积计算水深的表达式,可最大程度减小水色对遥感影像反演水深的影响。将其应用于小清河,该方法在黄台桥与石村水文站的水深反演绝对误差平均值分别为0.03 m与0.23 m,反演结果较为可靠。实验结果表明,提出的方法水深反演精度较高,不受水体水色的影响,可基于卫星遥感技术快速获取水体水深信息,有推广应用价值。Utilizing satellite remote sensing technology for the retrieval of water depth is a crucial method for quickly acquiring water depth in⁃formation over large areas.However,traditional optical satellite images often suffer from low inversion accuracy due to various factors,in⁃cluding the presence of sediments,suspended particles,and chlorophyll in the water.These constituents alter the color and turbidity of the water,making it challenging to accurately estimate water depth through remote sensing techniques.To mitigate the influence of these water color materials on the accuracy of water depth inversion,a novel approach was proposed,centered around a mathematical model and the use of Sentinel-2 remote sensing imagery.This approach involves analyzing the mathematical relationships between water depth and the surface area of different types of water channels.This method deduces the river surface depth model by generalizing and classifying the river section.It combines the Sentinel-2 remote sensing images to determine the relevant parameters in the mathematical model,and derives an expression that can directly calculate the water depth from the water surface area,which can minimize the influence of water color on water depth retriev⁃al from remote sensing images.To validate the effectiveness of this approach,it was applied to the Xiaoqing River,and the results were com⁃pared with ground-truth data.The average absolute error in water depth inversion at two hydrographic stations,Huangtaiqiao and Shicun,was found to be 0.03 meters and 0.23 meters,respectively.These results demonstrate a significant improvement in the accuracy of water depth estimation.The method proves to be more reliable in areas with varying water color and turbidity.It can quickly obtain water body depth information based on satellite remote sensing technology and has promotion and application value.

关 键 词：遥感 水面面积 水深 小清河 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TV211[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]